The clinical use of the potent anti-tumor activity of TNF-alpha has been limited by the proinflammatory side effects including fever, dose-limiting hypotension, hepatotoxicity, intravascular thrombosis, and hemorrhage. Designing clinically applicable TNF-a mutants with low systemic toxicity has been an intense pharmacological interest. Human TNF-a, which binds to the murine TNF-R55 but not to the mouse TNF-R75, exhibits retained anti-tumor activity and reduced systemic toxicity in mice compared with murine TNF-a, which binds to both murine TNF receptors. Based on these results, many TNF-a mutants that selectively bind to TNF-R55 have been designed. These mutants displayed cytotoxic activities on tumor cell lines in vitro, and exhibited lower systemic toxicity in vivo. Recombinant Human TNF-alpha Variant/Mutant compared with the wild-type, has an amino acid sequence deletion from a.a. 1-7, and the following a.a. substitutes Arg8, Lys9, Arg10 and Phe157 which is proven to have more activity and with less inflammatory side effect in vivo. Recombinant Human TNF-alpha Mutant produced in E. coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 151 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 16,886 Dalton.

TNF is secreted by macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, T-cells, NK-cells following their stimulation by bacterial LPS. Cells expressing CD4 secrete TNF-alpha while CD8 cells secrete little or no TNF-alpha. The synthesis of TNF-alpha is induced by many different stimuli including interferons, IL2, GM-CSF.

Lyophilized from a 0.2 um filtered solution in PBS.

The ED50 as determined by the cytolysis of murine L929 cells in the presence of Actinomycin D is less than 0.01 ng/ml, corresponding to a Specific Activity of 1.0 x 10⁸ IU/ mg.

Less than 0.01ng/ug (0.01IEU/ug) determined by LAL test.

It is recommended to reconstitute the lyophilized TNF-alpha Mutant in sterile 18MΩ-cm H₂O not less than 100ug/ml, which can then be further diluted to other aqueous solutions.

Lyophilized samples are stable for up to twelve months from date of receipt at -20^oC to -70^oC. Aliquot to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

DIF; TNFA; TNFSF2; TNF-alpha;Tumor necrosis factor precursor; TNF-α; Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 2; Cachectin; TNF alpha human; Tumor necrosis factor human.

Cytokine activity, Identical protein binding, Tumor necrosis factor receptor binding