ANGPTL3

Dyslipidemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. One of the popular targets of dyslipidemia is angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3). ANGPTL3 is a member of a subfamily of angiopoietin-like proteins that are associated with the regulation of plasma lipid metabolism. ANGPTL3 is exclusively produced in the liver and therefore can be classified as a true hepatokine. ANGPTL3 lies on the forward strand of chromosome 1p31 within an intronic region of DOCK7.
ANGPTL3 functions as the inhibitor of lipoprotein lipase, which is the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of circulating triglycerides in the capillaries of fat and muscle tissue. In addition, ANGPTL3 inhibits endothelial lipase.
The silencing of ANGPTL3 leads to familial hypobetalipoproteinaemia-2, a disorder characterized by low plasma LDL cholesterol, low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and low plasma triglyceride concentrations. ANGPTL3 deficiency is related to highly reduced post-prandial lipemia, probably due to faster catabolism of intestinally derived lipoproteins, larger expansion of the postprandial FFA pool and the decreased influx of dietary-derived fatty acids into the liver. Animals overexpressing ANGPTL3 and ANGPTL4, homolog of ANGPTL3, show lower LPL activities and hypertriglyceridemia.
Entrez Gene ID: 27329
UniProt ID: Q9Y5C1