PVRL4

PVRL4 is also referred to as nectin cell adhesion molecule 4 (NECTIN4). Nectins represent a family of immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecule crucial for the formation and maintenance of Cadherin based adherens and Claudin based tight junctions. The extracellular domain of PVRL-4 is composed of a variable domain and two C2 domains. Up to now, PVRL-4 is shown to serve as an epithelial receptor for measles virus, canine distemper virus and peste des petits ruminants virus. The virus infects the basolateral surface of well-differentiated human airway epithelia via infected immune cells. The infection subsequently spreads to adjacent cells via PVRL4.
In the human respiratory tract, the PVRL4 expression is a prerequisite for MeV infection of both well-differentiated human airway epithelial cells and primary human small airway epithelial cells grown in the presence of serum. PVRL-4 has been reported by a number of reports as a cancer biomarker. PVRL-4 is expressed in cancer tissues such as ovary, lung, bladder and cervical tissues but not in normal cells. PVRL-4 promotes anchorage-independent cell growth and plays an important role in cell-cell adhesion. It also activates PI3K-Akt signaling pathway by interacting with Afadin. PVRL-4 promotes gallbladder metastasis in vitro and in vivo.
Entrez Gene ID: 81607
UniProt ID: Q96NY8