S. aureus ClfA

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive commensal organism that permanently colonizes 20% of healthy adults and transiently colonizes up to 50% of the general population. S. aureus causes a wide spectrum of disease ranging from relatively mild skin infections, such as impetigo, to life-threatening bloodstream infections, and is recognized as a leading cause of serious disease in both community and healthcare-associated settings. The clumping factor A (ClfA) is one of the virulence factors of S.aureus. It is the major staphylococcal fibrinogen (Fg) binding protein. And it is responsible for the observed clumping of S. aureus in blood plasma. ClfA generates strong immune responses and has shown potential as a vaccine component in active and passive immunization studies.

ClfA belongs to a class of cell wall-localized proteins. These proteins are covalently anchored to the peptidoglycan. Starting from the N-terminus, ClfA contains a signal sequence followed by the ligand-binding A region composed of three domains (N1, N2, and N3), the serine-aspartate repeat domain (R region), and C-terminal features required for cell wall anchoring such as the LPXTG motif, a transmembrane segment and a short cytoplasmic domain.

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