Anti-hapten Antibody Introduction

Common haptens include polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, certain small molecules, and drugs. They are only immunoreactive, but not immunogenic. Therefore, in the preparation of anti-hapten antibodies, it is often necessary to combine the hapten with a carrier protein to induce immunity in experimental animals. Therefore, when preparing anti-hapten antibodies, custom antibody production can be performed according to your experimental requirements. Based on our hybridoma platform and phage display platform, Creative Biolabs is committed to providing you with the most comprehensive anti-hapten antibody production services.

Preparation of Hapten Antigens

The conventional method for the preparation of small molecule hapten antibodies is to select metabolites or prodrugs of toxicological significance as the test substances. We design and synthesize hapten that retains the structural characteristics of the molecule to be tested and has active groups, and we covalently couple the hapten with large molecular mass protein carriers to prepare artificial immunogens and prepare specific antibodies against the hapten by animal immunization. The key to hapten design is to preserve as much as possible the characteristic structure of the original hapten and to introduce suitable linker arms and active groups for coupling to the protein carrier at appropriate locations. In general, four principles must be followed in the design of hapten, which are:

1. The hapten in the artificial immunogen should be as similar as possible to the molecule to be tested in terms of molecular structure, stereochemistry, and electron distribution.

2. The linking arms in the structure of the hapten should not easily induce the production of "arm antibodies", preferably using carbon chains of a certain length.

3. The hapten molecule should have a reactive group (e.g., NH2COOH, OH, and SH) that can be easily coupled to the protein carrier, and the presence of the reactive group should have no effect on the electron distribution of the molecule to be tested.

4. The basic structure of the molecule to be tested should be retained after coupling the hapten to the protein.

Application of Peptide Antigens

Although different methods have been developed for the detection of small molecule compounds in food and environmental analysis, such as molecular blotting, aptamer and phage display peptide library, these techniques have always had some disadvantages and are not comparable with antigen and antibody immunodetection methods. The design and modification of hapten lead to the development of anti-hapten antibodies that are able to have a greater cross-reactivity to hapten, thus enabling the establishment of sensitive multi-component analysis methods. Anti-hapten antibodies play an important role in disease diagnosis and treatment. Based on ELISA, IHC, and other immunoassays, they can detect various small molecules, such as endogenous amino acid metabolites, lipids, exogenous drugs, and pesticide residues. In addition, certain post-translationally modified peptides can be used as hapten immunogens for the production of antibody post translational modification. The development of anti-hapten antibodies is of great value for carbohydrates, herbal medicine development, and other fields.

Creative Biolabs would like to share with you the key points and experiences in the production and application of anti-hapten antibodies to facilitate the smooth running of your projects.

All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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