Anti-Membrane Protein Antibody Production by Exosomes

As a leading innovator and service provider in the field of anti-membrane protein antibody discovery, Creative Biolabs is dedicated to leveraging our experience and technologies to accelerate custom projects. Now, our scientists are proud to introduce our anti-membrane protein antibody discovery service using exosomes.

Introduction to Exosomes

Exosomes are secreted membrane nanovesicles (diameter ranging from 50-100 nm). They are often formed within late endosomal compartments by fusion of multivesicular bodies (MVBs) with the plasma membrane. Due to this formation mechanism, membrane orientation of exosomes is very close to that of the native plasma membrane: extracellular domains facing outside, while cytosol proteins and small RNAs trapped into the lumen. Intracellular exosomes can be isolated and used to introduce proteins and RNA from other cells in ex vivo cell cultures.

Exosomes have been purified from in vitro cultures of numerous cell types (e.g. tumor cell lines, nervous cells, immune cells and stem cells) and body fluids (e.g. serum and plasma, tumoural effusions, saliva, and milk). Membrane protein-carrying exosomes have been successfully used to develop many anti-GPCR antibodies. Of note, the most special exosome, secreted from dendritic cells (DCs), named Dexo-somes, shows outstanding immune ability in vivo. DCs are key players in immune response elicitation that build an essential bridge between innate and adaptive responses. They are able to capture antigens with their pattern-recognition receptors, process and present them to naïve T-cells, leading to T cell activation. Derived from DCs, dexo-somes have the intrinsic capabilities to raise strong immune response, thus can serve as a powerful immunogen format for antibody production.

Fig 1 Schematic representation of exosomes formation and composition of Dexo-somes. (Chaput N and Théry C. 2011; Théry C, et.al. 2002)

Highlight advantages of exosomes as immunogen in anti-membrane protein antibody production:

• No need for sequence modification
• Native membrane environment
• High intrinsic immunogenicity that can raise strong immune responses
• High stability for short- / long-term storage
• No need for adjuvant
• Minimal cytotoxicity

With years of experience in hundreds of successful cases, Creative Biolabs has gained significant knowledge in anti-membrane protein antibody production and selection. We devote ourselves to tailoring the most satisfactory and reliable services to meet customers’ demands. Our scientists have rich experience in dealing with a variety of membrane proteins, such as GPCR immunogens, ion channel immunogens, and transporter immunogens using multiple strategies. Please feel free to contact us for more information and a detailed quote.

References

1. Chaput N, Théry C. (2011). Exosomes: immune properties and potential clinical implementations. Seminars in Immunopathology. 33(5), 419-40.
2. Théry C, Zitvogel L, Amigorena S. (2002). Exosomes: composition, biogenesis and function. Nature Reviews. Immunology. 2(8), 569-579.

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