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PD-L1 & CTLA4 Bispecific Antibodies
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Product List

CAT# Product Name Species Reactivity BsAb Type Target 1 Host Animal 1 Target 2 Host Animal 2 INQUIRY
KN-0825-N47 Recombinant Human Anti-PD-L1 x Human Anti-CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-scFv-Fc) Human Fab-scFv/sdAb-Fc PD-L1 Human CTLA4 Human Inquiry
KN-0825-N18 Recombinant Human Anti-PD-L1 x Human Anti-CTLA4 Bispecific Antibody (IgG(H)-scFv) Human IgG-scFv PD-L1 Human CTLA4 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-SAR007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-SAR006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-NGB025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-NGB024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-NGB007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-NGB006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-MEL025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-MEL024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-MEL007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-MEL006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-BGN025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-BGN024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-BGN007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-BGN006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-ABR025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-ABR024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-ABR007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-ABR006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-PAP025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-PAP024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-PAP007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-PAP006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-SAP025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-SAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-SAP024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-SAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-SAP007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-SAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-SAP006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-SAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-RTA025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-RTA immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-RTA024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-RTA immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-RTA007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-RTA immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-RTA006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-RTA immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-GEL025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-Gel immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-GEL024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-Gel immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-GEL007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-Gel immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-GEL006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-Gel immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-PE025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-PE immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-PE024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-PE immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-PE007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-PE immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-PE006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-PE immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-DT025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-DT immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-DT024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-DT immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-DT007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem Fab-DT immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-DT006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem Fab-DT immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-SAR025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-SAR024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-SAR007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-SAR006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-SAR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-NGB025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-NGB024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-NGB007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-NGB006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-NGB immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-MEL025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-MEL024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-MEL007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-MEL006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-MEL immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-BGN025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-BGN024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-BGN007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-BGN006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-BGN immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-ABR025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-ABR024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-ABR007 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-ABR006 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-ABR immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-PAP025 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-PD1 Tandem scFv-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-PAP024 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Human Anti-GLUT2 Tandem scFv-PAP immunotoxin (Bispecific Immunotoxin) Human Bispecific Immunotoxin CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
SCDB-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Single-chain Diabody) Human Single-chain Diabody CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
SCDB-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Single-chain Diabody) Human Single-chain Diabody CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
FABIG-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-IgG) Human Fab-IgG CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
FABIG-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-IgG) Human Fab-IgG CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
TRIB-H315 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-scFv-scFv) Human Fab-scFv-scFv CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
TRIB-H314 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-scFv-scFv) Human Fab-scFv-scFv CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSIG-H313 Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-IgG) Human IgG-IgG CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSIG-H312 Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-IgG) Human IgG-IgG CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
CROSSAB-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (CrossMab) Human CrossMab CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
CROSSAB-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (CrossMab) Human CrossMab CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
IGFV-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-scFv) Human IgG-scFv CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
IGFV-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-scFv) Human IgG-scFv CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSDB-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Diabody) Human Diabody CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSDB-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Diabody) Human Diabody CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem Fab) Human Tandem Fab CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFAB-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem Fab) Human Tandem Fab CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
BSFV-H313 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv) Human Tandem scFv CTLA4 Human PD1 Human Inquiry
BSFV-H312 Recombinant Human Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv) Human Tandem scFv CTLA4 Human GLUT2 Human Inquiry
SCDB-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Single-chain Diabody) Human Single-chain Diabody CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
SCDB-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Single-chain Diabody) Human Single-chain Diabody CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
FABIG-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-IgG) Human Fab-IgG CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
FABIG-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-IgG) Human Fab-IgG CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
TRIB-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-scFv-scFv) Human Fab-scFv-scFv CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
TRIB-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Fab-scFv-scFv) Human Fab-scFv-scFv CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSIG-146 Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-IgG) Human IgG-IgG CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSIG-145 Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-IgG) Human IgG-IgG CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
CROSSAB-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (CrossMab) Human CrossMab CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
CROSSAB-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (CrossMab) Human CrossMab CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
IGFV-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-scFv) Human IgG-scFv CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
IGFV-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (IgG-scFv) Human IgG-scFv CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSDB-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Diabody) Human Diabody CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSDB-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Diabody) Human Diabody CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem Fab) Human Tandem Fab CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFAB-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem Fab) Human Tandem Fab CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-146 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-PD1 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv) Human Tandem scFv CTLA4 Mouse PD1 Mouse Inquiry
BSFV-145 Recombinant Anti-CTLA4 x Anti-GLUT2 Bispecific Antibody (Tandem scFv) Human Tandem scFv CTLA4 Mouse GLUT2 Mouse Inquiry

Background

Programmed Death-Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint molecule expressed on antigen-presenting cells and various cancer cells, critically involved in modulating T-cell-mediated immune responses. Its interaction with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) on activated T cells delivers inhibitory signals that suppress cytotoxic activity and promote immune tolerance-a mechanism exploited by malignancies to evade immune surveillance. Elevated PD-L1 expression has been documented across multiple tumor types including non-small cell lung carcinoma, melanoma, and gastrointestinal cancers, correlating with advanced disease progression and poorer prognostic outcomes.
CTLA-4 (Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4), also referred to CD152, Celiac disease 3, CD, CELIAC3, or GSE, is a 24.7 kDa T cell surface protein with an essential role in downregulation of immune responses. This protein with 223 amino acids encoded by the CTLA4 gene located at the chromosome 2q33.2. It belongs to the immunoglobulin (Ig) gene superfamily and as the first immune checkpoint receptor targeted in clinic. CTLA-4 is exclusively expressed in T lymphocytes, where it mainly regulates the abundance of the early phases of T-cell activation. CTLA4, homologous to the CD28 molecule, both are ligands binding co-stimulatory molecules, CD80 and CD86. But in contrast to CD28, it is a negative feedback signal for T cell activation.
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