TG (Thyroglobulin), also known as Tg, TGN or AITD3, has a molecular mass of 305 kDa and is one of the largest glycoproteins in the body that forms a stable homodimer. It consists of 2768 amino acids length and exclusively found in thyroid glands. Thyroglobulin is an important substrate for the synthesis of thyroxine and triiodothyronine and a major component of the colloid in the thyroid follicular lumen. This protein can combine with iodine, then modified and broken down to secrete small molecule known as thyroid hormones. These products play an essential role in regulating growth, brain development, and the rate of metabolisms of the body. Thyroglobulin can also function as a protein storehouse for iodine and inactive thyroid hormone until they needed. TPO (thrombopoietin), also referred as megakaryocyte growth and development factor (MGDF), is mainly produced in liver parenchymal cells but much smaller amounts in the kidney and bone marrow. It is synthesized as a 353 amino acid and precursor protein of 36 kDa. TPO plays a physiological regulator role of platelet production. Similarly to the erythropoietin (EPO) stimulation of erythroid precursors, TPO is a factor stimulating the development of megakaryocyte precursors of platelets with an increasing number of circulating platelets. TPO binds the TPO receptor and activates JAK-STAT pathways leading to the stimulation of megakaryocyte growth and platelet production.