VEGFB (Vascular endothelial growth factor B) is a newly discovered VEGF-A homolog. VEGF-B is a growth factor belonging to the vascular endothelial growth factor family. VEGF-B has shown an effective survival/anti-apoptotic effect, while lacking a general angiogenic activity. VEGF-B plays a crucial role in the development of blood vessel growth and is also indispensable for their survival. Importantly, the survival effect of VEGF-B is not only on vascular endothelial cells, but also on pericytes, smooth muscle cells, and vascular stem/progenitor cells. VEGF-B is considered as an important target in antiangiogenic therapy. VEGFA (Vascular endothelial growth factor A), also known as VPF, VEGF or MVCD1, is the most potent growth factor for endothelial cells and belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. In humans, it is encoded by the VEGFA gene localizing at the chromosome 6p21.1. VEGF-A, as well as VEGF-C, and -D are found in the lung. During the embryonic and pseudoglandular stages, it is expressed in epithelial and mesenchymal compartments, then becoming more restricted to the epithelium as development process. VEGFA encodes a heparin-binding protein existing as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor is involved in inducing proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells. It is essential for physiological and pathological angiogenesis and considered as a powerful vascular permeability-enhancing agent.