Detection Protocol of C5a-Mediated Increase in Intracellular Calcium

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Detection Protocol of C5a-Mediated Increase in Intracellular Calcium

The crucial role of C5a in infection, allergy, autoimmune disease and cancer reveals that it is a key regulator of pro-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. C5aR exerts most of its biological functions by activating the specific receptor C5aR. C5aR activation involves multiple signaling pathways, ultimately leading to increased intracellular calcium concentration. Here, we describe a simple flow cytometry-based protocol for the detection of C5a-mediated increase in intracellular calcium.

Flow chart of detection protocol of C5a-mediated increase in intracellular calcium. Fig.1 Flow chart of detection protocol of C5a-mediated increase in intracellular calcium. (Creative Biolabs)

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Published Data

Interactive signaling between C3a and C5a stimulation was observed in calcium transients. Fig.2 Calcium transient analysis reveals interactive signaling elicited by concurrent C3a and C5a activation.1

To evaluate whether C3a and C5a induce alterations in the RPE, researchers employed cultured RPE cells, assessing singular and combined stimuli via fluorescence microscopy, western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Calcium transient analysis revealed interactive signaling during C3a and C5a stimulation, with the temporal profiles of Ca2+ responses, including both peak and late phases, meticulously examined in ARPE-19 cells under varied conditions. Complement activation triggered increased cytosolic Ca2+, PI3-kinase/Akt engagement, and phosphorylation of FoxP3 and FOXO1, accompanied by cytokine and chemokine release. Differential outcomes between simultaneous and sequential anaphylatoxin exposure underscore that coordinated C3aR/C5aR signaling finely tunes RPE immunoregulatory dynamics, thereby enhancing our understanding of AMD pathophysiology.

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Reference

  1. Busch, Catharina, et al. "Anaphylatoxins activate Ca2+, Akt/PI3-kinase, and FOXO1/FoxP3 in the retinal pigment epithelium." Frontiers in Immunology 8 (2017): 703. Distributed under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification.
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