Creative Biolabs is the world leading service provider for the discovery of in vitro diagnostics (IVD) antibodies. Based on our years of experience and advanced platform, we are confident in offering the best and most suitable IVD antibody discovery and IVD assays for various markers of cholangiocarcinoma.
miR-214
miR-214 is a member of vertebrate-specific miR family, including one member in non-teleost vertebrates and two members in teleost fish. The miR-214 gene is located on chromosomal 1q24.3, in intron 14 of the DNM3 (Dynamin-3) gene. There are two clusters in the transcript miR-214 and miR-199a-2. It has been indicated that Twist-1, ZEB1, Ezh2, and SMAD4 regulate miR-214 transcription. miR-214 is highly conserved in many species. Besides, it plays critical roles in physiological functions, including apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. The function of miR-214 is mainly discussed in melanoma, and it is thought to promote the metastasis of melanoma. In addition, it may regulate type-I collagen.
Contradictory Roles of miR-214 in Different Cell Types Cancers
The expression of miR-214 in different malignant cells is controversial due to its different roles in different cell types. miR-214 is increased in lung, prostate, and nasopharyngeal tumors compared to healthy tissues. And, high levels miR-214 predict poor prognosis in overall survival and weak response to therapy. However, the expression of miR-214 has downregulated in uterus cervix, bladder, colorectal and cholangio cancers compared to normal tissues. Besides, the decreased miR-214 in these carcinomas is involved in malignancy, metastasis and poor survival. Moreover, in respect to the breast and ovarian cancers, the expression of miR-214 is complicated by high tumor heterogeneity and hormone responsiveness.
Fig 1. miR-214 controls cancer networks. (Penna, E., 2015)
miR-214 as a Diagnostic Marker for Cholangiocarcinoma
According to the study of the role of miR-214 in cholangiocarcinoma, the miR-214 is significantly declined in metastatic intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). It illustrated that inhibition of miR-214 promote human ICC cells metastasis, upregulate Twist expression, and downregulate E-cadherin levels. In addition, downregulation of miR-214 is able to promote EMT by targeting the Twist gene. These indicated that miR-214 may have a great difference in the regulating of ICC metastasis. Thus, miR-214 can be a valuable biomarker for the diagnosis and predicting of cholangiocarcinoma. Surprisingly, it has been reported that miR-214 can be observed in the serum and urine in many types of cancers, making it a more convenient marker for diagnosis uses.
With years of research on IVD antibodies discovery, Creative Biolabs provides the unique protocol to meet our clients' IVD assays for miR-214 demand. If you are interested in our service, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.
Reference
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