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FXYD2 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of FXYD2

FXYD2 belongs to the FXYD family, the members of which share a common signature sequences encompassing the transmembrane domain and adjacent regions. FXYD2 is encoded by the FXYD2 gene which is located at 11q23. And the gene mutations can cause hypomagnesemia 2 (HOMG2). Moreover, FXYD2 is a single-pass type III membrane protein, with its N-terminus on the extracellular side of the membrane and no signal sequence.

Basic Information of FXYD2
Protein Name Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma
Gene Name FXYD2
Aliases FXYD domain-containing ion transport regulator 2, Sodium pump gamma chain, Na (+)/K (+) ATPase subunit gamma
Organism Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID P54710
Transmembrane Times Single-pass membrane
Length (aa) 66
Sequence MTGLSMDGGGSPKGDVDPFYYDYETVRNGGLIFAGLAFIVGLLILLSRRFRCGGNKKRRQINEDEP

Function of FXYD2 Membrane Protein

FXYD2 mainly acts as a γ subunit of Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) which is required to generate the resting membrane potential in neurons. Association of FXYD2 with α1NKA can negatively regulate the NKA activity by depolarizing the membrane potential of nociceptive neurons. Moreover, the regulation is tissue- and isoform-specific. FXYD2 is found to be expressed in the distal convoluted tubule of kidney and can also be found on basolateral membranes of nephron epithelial cells. FXYD2 plays a role in ATP hydrolysis coupled transmembrane transport, potassium ion import across plasma membrane, regulation of cell growth and proliferation and many other biological processes. Accordingly, the increased FXYD2 activity may be a fundamental mechanism underlying the persistent hypersensitivity to pain induced by inflammation. Beyond that, FXYD1 is highly and specifically expressed in clinical ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) tissues. It is functionally upregulated in OCCC and likely to be a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of cardiac glycosides in OCCC. What’ s more, FXYD2 regulates Aδ- and C-fiber mechanosensitivity and is required for the maintenance of neuropathic pain.

FXYD2 Membrane Protein IntroductionFig.1 Structure of FXYD2b determined in micelles (Gong, 2014).

Application of FXYD2 Membrane Protein in Literature

  1. Hsu I.L., et al. Targeting FXYD2 by cardiac glycosides potently blocks tumor growth in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. Oncotarget. 2016, 7(39):62925-62938. PubMed ID: 26910837

    Authors find that FXYDD2 is highly and specifically expressed in clinical OCCC tissues. They reveal that FXYD2 is functionally upregulated in Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) and may serve as a promising prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target of cardiac glycosides in OCCC.

  2. Arystarkhova E., Beneficial Renal and Pancreatic Phenotypes in a Mouse Deficient in FXYD2 Regulatory Subunit of Na, K-ATPase. Frontiers in Physiology. 2016, 7. PubMed ID: 27014088

    This review discuses about functional properties of FXYD2, and unexpected and noteworthy phenotypes discovered in a FXYD2−∕− mouse. FXYD2 modulates both ion transport and signaling.

  3. Ventéo S., et al. Fxyd2 regulates Aδ- and C-fiber mechanosensitivity and is required for the maintenance of neuropathic pain. Sci Rep. 2016, 6:36407. PubMed ID: 27805035

    This article suggests that FXYD2 is specifically required for setting the mechanosensitivity of Aδ-fiber sub-populations of C-fiber nociceptors and low-threshold mechanoreceptors. FXYD2 may function as a potentially promising therapeutic target for peripheral neuropathic pain management.

  4. Wang F., et al. FXYD2, a γ subunit of Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, maintains persistent mechanical allodynia induced by inflammation. Cell Research. 2015, 25(3):318-334. PubMed ID: 25633594

    This article reveals that FXYD2 is necessary for maintaining the mechanical allodynia induced by peripheral inflammation in nociceptive neurons. The increased FXYD2 activity may be a fundamental mechanism underlying the persistent hypersensitivity to pain induced by inflammation.

  5. Burtea C., et al. Development of a peptide-functionalized imaging nanoprobe for the targeting of (FXYD2) γa as a highly specific biomarker of pancreatic beta cells. Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging. 2015, 10(5):398-412. PubMed ID: 25930968

    This article describes a phage display-derived peptide (P88) that is highly specific to (FXYD2) γa expressed by human beta cells and is proposed to be a molecular vector for the development of functionalized imaging probes.

FXYD2 Preparation Options

To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Besides, aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-FXYD2 antibody development services.


As a forward-looking research institute as well as a leading custom service provider in the field of membrane protein, Creative Biolabs has won good reputation among our worldwide customers for successfully accomplishing numerous challenging projects including generation of many functional membrane proteins. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

Reference

  1. Gong X. M., et al. (2014). Structure of the Na, K-ATPase regulatory protein fxyd2b in micelles: implications for membrane-water interfacial arginines. Biochimica et biophysica acta. 1848(1), 299-306.

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