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PAPEth (1-Palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanol) is a specific molecular species of Phosphatidylethanol (PEth), a class of aberrant phospholipids generated almost exclusively when ethanol (EtOH) is present. The formation of PAPEth occurs via the transphosphatidylation action of Phospholipase D (PLD) on Phosphatidylcholine (PC). PEth species, including PAPEth, are stable metabolites that incorporate into erythrocyte membranes and exhibit a long circulation half-life, making them highly reliable biomarkers for long-term or chronic alcohol consumption. PAPEth is one of the prevalent naturally occurring PEth species.