Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Virus-Like Particles (VLPs)

Creative Biolabs constantly strives to provide the first-class VLPs products to our global clients. With years of exploration, our scientists have successfully obtained various highly purified VLPs products, particularly HPV VLPs.

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are virus-resembling nanoparticles formed by viral structural proteins but do not have any core genetic material. Because VLPs are not infective, they are considered as one powerful tool for a broad spectrum of applications, including vaccines, antibody development, lipoparticle technology, delivery systems, bioimaging and cell targeting, etc.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a small DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family with a genome of about 8,000 base pairs. The HPV genome is composed of six early ORFs (E1, E2, E4, E5, E6, and E7), two late ORFs (L1 and L2), and a non-coding long control region (LCR). After infecting the host cell, a polycistronic primary RNA that contains all six early ORFs is transcribed and undergoes active RNA splicing to generate different isoforms of mRNAs. One of the spliced isoforms of RNAs is E6*I which serves as an E7 mRNA template for E7 protein translation. However, viral early transcription is under the control of E2, and high level of E2 repress the transcription. HPV invades into the host cells by integrating genomes with the host genome. The genome integration disrupts E2 ORF thus preventing E2 repression on E6 and E7. Infection on host cells increases E6 and E7 expression which promotes cellular proliferation and the chance of malignancy.

Picture of HPV16 VLPs isolated from insect cells. Figure 1. Picture of HPV16 VLPs isolated from insect cells.

The HPV life cycle strictly goes after the differentiation program of the host keratinocyte. HPV virion infects epithelial tissues through micro-abrasions by associating with putative receptors including alpha integrins and laminins. After recognition by the receptors, the virion enters into basal epithelial cells through clathrin-mediated endocytosis and/or caveolin-mediated endocytosis. At this moment, the viral genome is transported into the nucleus and amplifies itself to 10-200 copies per cell.

HPV VLPs can be typically used for:

Antibody discovery
Vaccine development
Diagnostic reagent development
Protein-based assays, e.g. ELISA

Creative Biolabs is dedicated to helping you get the most out of your research and production. For years, we have been making constant efforts to satisfy our customers with innovative technology and superior service. As alternatives, we also provide in-house high-quality VLP products derived from HBV VLP, HIV VLP, CA16 VLP, EV71 VLP, poliovirus VLP, polyomaviruses VLP, AAV VLP, bacteriophage Qβ VLP, Zika VLP, etc. Our team of experienced scientists understands exactly the complexity of your work and are here to support you every step of the way. Please feel free to inquire us for further discussions.

References

Ljubojevic S, Skerlev M. (2014). HPV-associated diseases. Clinics in dermatology, 32(2), 227-234.
Furumoto H, Irahara M. (2002). Human papilloma virus (HPV) and cervical cancer. Journal of Medical Investigation, 49(3/4), 124-133.

All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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