KCNA10 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of KCNA10

KCNA10, encoded by KCNA10 gene, is a member of potassium channel, voltage-gated, shaker-related subfamily which regulates the transportation of potassium ions across membrane in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The encoded protein has 511 amino acids and contains 6 membrane-spanning domains (S1-S6) with a shaker-type repeat in S4. The carboxy terminus of KCNA10 has a putative cyclic nucleotide-binding (CNB) domain unlike to other members of KCNA family. KCNA10 has been detected in kidney, heart, and aorta.

Function of KCNA10 Membrane Protein

KCNA10 functions as a potassium-selective channel and regulates voltage-dependent potassium ion permeability in many types of cells. Although there are little functional studies of KCNA10, it has been speculated to be involved in many biological processes including regulating neurotransmitter release, heart rate, neuronal excitability, epithelial electrolyte transport, smooth muscle contraction, and cell volume primarily through regulating membrane potential. KCNA10 has been indicated to play a role in stabilizing membrane voltage during sustained sodium entry at the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells. Moreover, KCNA10 is found in glomerular and vascular endothelial cells and in vascular smooth muscle cells where it regulates the process of vasodilatation by mediating the membrane potential of these cells. Besides, KCNA10 is also detected in hair cells of the inner ear and a KCNA10 mutation in the mouse is significantly associated with vestibular and mild hearing dysfunction. In addition, due to CNB domain at the carboxy terminus of KCNA10, so it can be regulated by cGMP and may be associated with the effects of substances that increase intracellular cGMP.

Fig.1 Immunohistochemistry for Kcna10 expression in the mouse inner ear. (Carlisle, 2012)

Application of KCNA10 Membrane Protein in Literature

1. Nanayakkara S., et al. Whole-exome sequencing reveals genetic variants associated with chronic kidney disease characterized by tubulointerstitial damages in North Central Region, Sri Lanka. Environmental Health & Preventive Medicine. 2015, 20(5):354-359. PubMed ID: 26108971
   
   

   The study identifies an SNP rs34970857 in KCNA10, which is associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease of uncertain etiology (CKDu). Moreover, it has been also detected four rare variants in LAMB2 gene in CKDu cases.

2. Lee S.I., et al. A null mutation of mouse Kcna10 causes significant vestibular and mild hearing dysfunction . Hear Res. 2013, 302(3):83-83. PubMed ID: 23528307
   
   

   The study shows that a null mutation of mouse Kcna10 is significantly associated with vestibular and mild hearing dysfunction.

3. Carlisle F.A., et al. Specific expression of Kcna10, Pxn and Odf2 in the organ of Corti. Gene Expression Patterns. 2012, 12(5-6):172-179. PubMed ID: 22446089
   
   

   The study shows that Kcna10 is highly expressed in the hair cells themselves, which suggests a potential role of Kcna10 in the inner ear.

4. Fantozzi I., et al. Bone morphogenetic protein-2 upregulates expression and function of voltage-gated K⁺ channels in human pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. American Journal of Physiology Lung Cellular & Molecular Physiology. 2006, 291(5):993-1004. PubMed ID: 16815889
   
   

   The study reveals that BMP-2 significantly upregulates the expression of voltage-gated K⁺ channel genes in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) thereby mediating cell apoptosis and/or proliferation.

5. Yao X., et al. Expression of KCNA10, a voltage-gated K channel, in glomerular endothelium and at the apical membrane of the renal proximal tubule. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2002, 13(12):2831-2839. PubMed ID: 12444201
   
   

   The study indicates that KCNA10 may play a role in stabilizing membrane voltage during sustained sodium entry at the apical membrane of proximal tubular cells. Moreover, KCNA10 also regulates the process of vasodilatation.

KCNA10 Preparation Options

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Reference

1. Carlisle F A, et al. (2012). Specific expression of Kcna10, Pxn and Odf2 in the organ of Corti. Gene Expression Patterns. 12(5-6), 172-179.

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