LGR5 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of LGR5

LGR5 is a seven transmembrane G protein-coupled receptor, encoded by LGR5 gene. The mature LGR5 protein contains up to 17 leucine-rich repeats that are composed of 24 amino acids. LGR5 is especially expressed in placenta, small intestine, brain, colon, duodenum, endometrium, lung, stomach, adrenal. It has been reported that LGR5 may be involved in multiple functions in organs development, the pathological process of cancers.

Basic Information of LGR5
Protein Name	Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5
Gene Name	LGR5
Aliases	FEX, HG38, GPR49, GPR67, GRP49
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	O75473
Transmembrane Times	7
Length (aa)	907
Sequence	MDTSRLGVLLSLPVLLQLATGGSSPRSGVLLRGCPTHCHCEPDGRMLLRVDCSDLGLSELPSNLSVFTSYLDLSMNNISQLLPNPLPSLRFLEELRLAGNALTYIPKGAFTGLYSLKVLMLQNNQLRHVPTEALQNLRSLQSLRLDANHISYVPPSCFSGLHSLRHLWLDDNALTEIPVQAFRSLSALQAMTLALNKIHHIPDYAFGNLSSLVVLHLHNNRIHSLGKKCFDGLHSLETLDLNYNNLDEFPTAIRTLSNLKELGFHSNNIRSIPEKAFVGNPSLITIHFYDNPIQFVGRSAFQHLPELRTLTLNGASQITEFPDLTGTANLESLTLTGAQISSLPQTVCNQLPNLQVLDLSYNLLEDLPSFSVCQKLQKIDLRHNEIYEIKVDTFQQLLSLRSLNLAWNKIAIIHPNAFSTLPSLIKLDLSSNLLSSFPITGLHGLTHLKLTGNHALQSLISSENFPELKVIEMPYAYQCCAFGVCENAYKISNQWNKGDNSSMDDLHKKDAGMFQAQDERDLEDFLLDFEEDLKALHSVQCSPSPGPFKPCEHLLDGWLIRIGVWTIAVLALTCNALVTSTVFRSPLYISPIKLLIGVIAAVNMLTGVSSAVLAGVDAFTFGSFARHGAWWENGVGCHVIGFLSIFASESSVFLLTLAALERGFSVKYSAKFETKAPFSSLKVIILLCALLALTMAAVPLLGGSKYGASPLCLPLPFGEPSTMGYMVALILLNSLCFLMMTIAYTKLYCNLDKGDLENIWDCSMVKHIALLLFTNCILNCPVAFLSFSSLINLTFISPEVIKFILLVVVPLPACLNPLLYILFNPHFKEDLVSLRKQTYVWTRSKHPSLMSINSDDVEKQSCDSTQALVTFTSSSITYDLPPSSVPSPAYPVTESCHLSSVAFVPCL

Function of LGR5 Membrane Protein

R-spondins, a soluble protein regulator of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway, is the ligand of LGR5. The binding of LGR5 to R-spondins could positively stimulate the activation of Wnt signaling pathway. It is proved that the activated Wnt signaling pathway is required in the development of many organs, including liver, kidney, intestine, bone, reproductive tract, eyes and so on. Besides, LGR5 is a well-established stem cell marker in many organs, such as intestinal mucosa, colon, stomach, hair follicle, kidney and mammary gland. The studies showed that LGR5 is an essential regulator in the formation and maintenance of adult intestinal stem cells during postembryonic development. LGR null studies in mice suggested that LGR is crucial during embryogenesis and the deficiency of LGR could induce 100% neonatal mortality along with several craniofacial distortions. Additionally, LGR5 is associated with the pathological process of a variety of tumors, such as hepatocellular carcinoma, colon carcinoma, skin cancer, breast cancer and gastric cancer.

Fig.1 Proposed model of the LGR5-mediated promotion of cervical cancer growth via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. (Chen, 2014)

Application of LGR5 Membrane Protein in Literature

Tanaka K., et al. DEAD box protein DDX1 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis through transcriptional activation of the LGR5 gene. Cancer Science. 2018, 109(8):2479-2489. PubMed ID: 29869821

The study shows that the DDX1-LGR5 axis regulates colorectal tumorigenesis, suggesting that DDX1-LGR5 axis may act as the new drug target for colorectal cancer.
Li X.G., et al. LGR5 and BMI1 increase pig Intestinal epithelial cell proliferation by stimulating WNT/β-Catenin Signaling. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2018, 19(4):1036. PubMed ID: 29601474

The research shows that LGR5 and BMI1 can increase proliferation of pig intestinal epithelial cells via activating WNT/β-catenin signaling.
Liu W., et al. LGR5 promotes epithelial ovarian cancer proliferation, metastasis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition through the Notch1 signaling pathway. Cancer Medicine. 2018. PubMed ID: 29777575

The study shows that LGR5 may regulate tumorigenesis and metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer and act as a promising drug target for epithelial ovarian cancer treatment.
Hou M.F., et al., LGR5 overexpression confers poor relapse-free survival in breast cancer patients. Bmc Cancer. 2018, 18(1):219. PubMed ID: 29471794

The study reveals that LGR5 overexpression is significantly associated with tumor size, LN metastasis status and triple-negative breast cancer as well as reduced relapse-free survival (RFS), suggesting that LGR5 overexpression may be considered as a poor prognostic marker for breast cancer patients.
Harada Y., et al. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 and CD133 expression is associated with tumor progression and resistance to preoperative chemoradiotherapy in low rectal cancer. Oncology Letters. 2017, 14(6):7791-7798. PubMed ID: 29250176

The research finds that LGR5 and CD133 expressions may represent useful markers associated with tumor progression and resistance to chemoradiotherapy in patients with low rectal cancer.

LGR5 Preparation Options

Based on the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform, Creative Biolabs can provide many flexible options for soluble and functional target protein, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-LGR5 antibody development services.

As a forward-looking research institute as well as a leading custom service provider in the field of membrane protein, Creative Biolabs has won good reputation among our worldwide customers for successfully accomplishing numerous challenging projects including generation of many functional membrane proteins. Please feel free to contact us for more information.

Reference

Chen Q, et al. (2014). LGR5 promotes the proliferation and tumor formation of cervical cancer cells through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Oncotarget. 5(19), 9092-105.

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