DOTAP:DOPC liposomes are cationic liposomes made from a mixture of DOTAP (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane) and DOPC (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine). This composition imparts a positive charge to the liposomes, making them suitable for binding and delivering negatively charged molecules like nucleic acids.
The cationic nature of these liposomes enhances their interaction with negatively charged cellular membranes, facilitating more efficient cellular uptake. This property is particularly beneficial for the delivery of genetic materials such as DNA and RNA into cells.
These liposomes are commonly used in gene therapy research for the delivery of DNA, RNA, and siRNA to target cells. Their ability to form stable complexes with nucleic acids enhances the efficiency of gene transfer.
Yes, apart from nucleic acids, these liposomes can also encapsulate proteins, peptides, and small molecule drugs. Their versatile nature makes them suitable for various therapeutic applications.
These liposomes generally have a mean particle size 100 nm. This size is ideal for ensuring good stability and optimal interaction with target cells.
Fluorescence confocal images of representative GUVs composed of DOPC incubation with SUVs of (A) DOTAP:DOPC (0% DOTAP), (B) DOTAP:DOPC (15% DOTAP), (C) DOTAP:DOPC (30% DOTAP).
This study aims to develop high-fusogenic liposomes with minimal toxicity. Researchers co-incubated DOTAP:DOPC SUVs (labeled with red fluorescence) with DOPC GUVs (labeled with green fluorescence) to assess the SUVs' ability to fuse with different membranes. According to fluorescence confocal images, SUVs lacking DOTAP showed no fusion with GUVs. However, increasing the DOTAP concentration to 15% or 30% resulted in the observation of mixed red and green fluorescence on GUVs. These findings suggest that adding DOTAP to SUVs increases their fusogenicity, with fusogenicity levels increasing as the proportion of DOTAP in the SUV composition increases. The results of this work may be used to develop cationic liposomes that are extremely fusogenic while yet being somewhat safe.
Wang, Yifei, et al. "On fusogenicity of positively charged phased-separated lipid vesicles: experiments and computational simulations." Biomolecules 13.10 (2023): 1473. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, the image was edited from figure 4.
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