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HighlightsTM9SF2 belongs to the transmembrane 9 superfamily. Transmembrane 9 (TM9) proteins, or nonaspanins, are a family of proteins conserved throughout evolution and characterized by 9 transmembrane domains. This family is highly conserved through evolution and comprises three members in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Dictyostelium discoideum, and Drosophila melanogaster, and four members are reported in mammals (TM9SF1-TM9SF4).
| Basic Information of TM9SF2 | |
| Protein Name | Transmembrane 9 superfamily member 2 |
| Gene Name | TM9SF2 |
| Aliases | p76 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| UniProt ID | Q99805 |
| Transmembrane Times | 9 |
| Length (aa) | 663 |
| Sequence | MSARLPVLSPPRWPRLLLLSLLLLGAVPGPRRSGAFYLPGLAPVNFCDEEKKSDECKAEIELFVNRLDSVESVLPYEYTAFDFCQASEGKRPSENLGQVLFGERIEPSPYKFTFNKKETCKLVCTKTYHTEKAEDKQKLEFLKKSMLLNYQHHWIVDNMPVTWCYDVEDGQRFCNPGFPIGCYITDKGHAKDACVISSDFHERDTFYIFNHVDIKIYYHVVETGSMGARLVAAKLEPKSFKHTHIDKPDCSGPPMDISNKASGEIKIAYTYSVSFEEDDKIRWASRWDYILESMPHTHIQWFSIMNSLVIVLFLSGMVAMIMLRTLHKDIARYNQMDSTEDAQEEFGWKLVHGDIFRPPRKGMLLSVFLGSGTQILIMTFVTLFFACLGFLSPANRGALMTCAVVLWVLLGTPAGYVAARFYKSFGGEKWKTNVLLTSFLCPGIVFADFFIMNLILWGEGSSAAIPFGTLVAILALWFCISVPLTFIGAYFGFKKNAIEHPVRTNQIPRQIPEQSFYTKPLPGIIMGGILPFGCIFIQLFFILNSIWSHQMYYMFGFLFLVFIILVITCSEATILLCYFHLCAEDYHWQWRSFLTSGFTAVYFLIYAVHYFFSKLQITGTASTILYFGYTMIMVLIFFLFTGTIGFFACFWFVTKIYSVVKVD |
The transmembrane 9 (TM9) proteins (also known as nonaspanins) are a group of highly conserved proteins with 9 transmembrane domains. They include 3 members in the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum (Phg1A, B, C), in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (TMN1-3) and in Drosophila melanogaster flies (TM9SF2, TM9SF3, TM9SF4) and 4 members in humans (TM9SF1-TM9SF4). TM9 proteins mediate signal transduction events, playing a role in the regulation of cell development, growth, activationand motility. In Drosophila, TM9SF4 and its closest paralogue, TM9SF2, contribute to phagocytosis of various types of particles, while TM9SF4 displays non-redundant requirement in Gram-negative bacteria engulfment. The closely related protein TM9SF2 acts redundantly with TM9SF4 in the phagocytosis of various types of particles and in the control of the actin cytoskeleton.
Fig.1 Spatial arrangement between TM9 and the periplasmic cleft. (Bolla, 2014)
TM9SF2 is involved in the N-sulfation of heparan sulfate through ensuring NDST1 activity when CHIKV infects to HAP1 cells.
A higher methylation level in TM9SF2 (cg02015529) and UBE2S (cg00035623), respectively, is associated with a 2SD increase in prenatal PM and is also associated with 36% and 98% increased odds of asthma; whereas methylation of TDRD6 (cg22329831) is negatively associated with PM and a 24% decreased odds of asthma.
Silencing TM9SF4 has a role in preventing pgrp-lc localization of the plasma membrane, while silencing TM9SF2 does not, which may explain the non-redundant role of TM9SF4 in gram-negative bacterial phagocytosis.
Four of the strongest candidate genes for SIVmac resistance in Chinese rhesus macaques identified in this study are CDK9, CXCL12, TRIM21, and TRIM32. Additionally, ANKRD30A, CTSZ, GORASP2, GTF2H1, IL13RA1, MUC16, NMDAR1, Notch1, NT5M, PDCD5, RAD50, and TM9SF2 are identified as possible candidates.
TM9SF proteins may play a regulatory role in a specific and ancient cellular mechanism that is involved in innate immunity.
To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-TM9SF2 antibody development services.
Creative Biolabs' skillful scientists are glad to leverage our expertise and advanced technologies to help you with the member protein research. If you are interested, please feel free to contact us for more details.
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