Vaccine

Backgrounds

Vaccination is considered one of the greatest victories in the history of medicine. As vaccine technology has advanced, so have methods for producing vaccines, with a focus on improved stability (e.g., novel excipients), updated formulations (e.g., combination vaccines), and delivery methods (e.g., skin patches) also creating new vaccine opportunities. One of the immunotherapies that has increased the efficiency of cancer treatment is the use of therapeutic bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) and cancer vaccines, which can improve patient clinical outcomes. This tumor vaccine modification method is specific, rapid, and economical, and has a wide range of clinical application value.

BsAbs for Vaccine Research

The capacity of the NDV-based tumor vaccine of the 2nd generation to induce antitumor activity in naive T cells. The proposed mechanism is to induce potent bystander antitumor activity by directly activating T cells through noncognate interactions with the vaccine/BsAb. ATV-NDV is easy to bind to the BsAbs bound to the HN protein, and anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies are introduced on the surface of the tumor vaccine to obtain the second-generation NDV-based tumor vaccine. This novel strategy aims to enhance T-cell activation with an agonist anti-CD3 and/or anti-CD28 single-chain antibody reagent (scFv). Studies have shown that virus-modified tumor vaccines containing anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 double antibodies can induce human lymphocytes to produce strong anti-tumor activity after co-incubation with human lymphocytes. In human T-cell stimulation studies in vitro, the BsAb-vaccine causes upregulation of markers of early and late T-cell activation, stimulates T-cell proliferation, and induces unmodified bystander tumor cell-mediated cytotoxicity and tumor cell arrest.

Fig.1 Antitumor mechanisms induced by the NDV-based tumor vaccine of the second generation (ATVNDV/BsAbs).¹

Creative Biolabs provides a comprehensive range of BsAbs products and services for your vaccine research project.

Reference

1. Fournier, Philippe, and Volker Schirrmacher. "Tumor antigen-dependent and tumor antigen-independent activation of antitumor activity in T cells by a bispecific antibody-modified tumor vaccine." Journal of Immunology Research 2010 (2010).