B cells have shown to be an effective target for the treatment of multiple diseases such as B-lineage cancers and autoimmune disorders, while CD79b is an expective target for B-cell disorders. With advanced and high-end technologies, rich experienced scientists, Creative Biolabs is an excellent service provider in the field of tumor marker assay. After long years ahead to fully comprehend tumor marker, we launch our CD79b assay portfolio service which can be useful for targeted cancer therapy and diagnosis.
B cell has shown to be an effective target for the treatment of multiple diseases such as B-lineage cancers and autoimmune disorders, while the cell-surface B-cell receptor (BCR) is the media that response of B cells to pathogens and other foreign substances. BCR is characterized by a complex heterooligomeric structure in which the ligand-binding portion is surface immunoglobulin, and the signal transduction portions are CD79a and CD79b.
Fig.1 The structure of B cell receptors. (From Wikipedia)
CD79 molecule is a disulfide-linked heterodimer that encompasses two transmembrane proteins, CD79a and CD79b. CD79 proteins are expressed in virtually the majority of B-cell neoplasms and all immature and mature B cell, including L and H lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin’s lymphoma, precursor B-acute lymphocytic leukemia (pre-B-ALL), and many plasma cell tumors.
CD79b, known as CD79β and Igβ, is an important receptor for the development and maintenance of mature B cells. Its expression is restricted to the B-cell linage and shows high expression on most subtypes of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), such as Burkitt lymphoma (BL), DLBCL, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), and follicular lymphoma.
CD79a and CD79b can coax the B cell into completing the early developmental pathway during the early stage of development, and they can function synergistically to induce apoptosis mediated through the BCR. Especially, only heterodimers of CD79a and CD79b efficiently induce apoptosis, whereas homodimers of either chain do not. In addition, CD79a and CD79b can influence antigen internalization and increase the efficiency of antigen presentation. Crosslinking of the BCR results in the internalization of the receptor with the bound antigen, while the cytoplasmic tail of CD79b promotes the BCR-antigen complex internalization.
Polatuzumab vedotin (PV) is the first-in-class antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) targeting CD79b. Research has proved the efficacy of PV in B-cell malignancies as a single agent and in combination with rituximab. It was the first ADC to be evaluated in a comparative study in relapsed DLBCL.
Fig.2 Mechanism of action of polatuzumab vedotin. (Camus, 2021)
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