Immune Cell Surface Marker

Cells need to be evaluated when analyzing the number and function of a particular cell population. Phenotypic changes in immune cells are a direct method for evaluating effectiveness. Cell surface markers refer to membrane proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer structure of the cell membrane, including membrane antigens, membrane receptors, and other molecules. Cell surface markers are not only the material basis for mutual recognition between immune cells but also between cells or between cells and the matrix. Including receptors, MHC molecules, coordinated stimulation molecules, etc. The CD molecule is one of the most commonly used cell surface markers, which refers to the application of monoclonal antibody identification methods to identify the same differentiated antigen recognized by monoclonal antibodies from different laboratories, including the specific morphology, specific function and developmental stage of the cell. Creative Biolabs provides clients with the identification of immune cell surface markers to distinguish different immune cells and accelerate their immunology research.

Fig.1 Some immune cells and their surface markers.¹

Our Service

Creative Biolabs offers the following methods to help you identify the immune cell phenotype you need:

• Immunocytochemistry
• The method is usually done with enzymes as antibody markers and using cellular enzyme immunohistochemistry. This method can be observed with a common microscope, and the stained cells are positive for the corresponding CD antigen.
• Immunofluorescence
  In this method, the isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells are treated with the corresponding fluorescein-labeled CD monoclonal antibody, or with the corresponding CD monoclonal antibody, the free antibody is washed away, and then fluorescein-labeled anti-mouse IgG antiserum is added. After incubation and binding, the excess labeled antibody was washed away, and the results were observed with a fluorescence microscope after preparation.
• Flow cytometry
  Flow cytometry is used for the detection of immune cells, and the results are objective, accurate and reproducible.
• Mass spectrometry
  This method can achieve the analysis of ten protein biomarkers at the single-cell level and is widely used in the study of immune heterogeneity, tumor heterogeneity, etc.

Fig.2 Cell marker expression and cell subtype.²

Fig.3 Proportion of advanced and stable cell subtypes.²

The above is a schematic diagram of the analysis of the immune composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes using mass cytometry analysis (cytometry by time-of-flight, CyTOF). Figure 2 is a heat map of a single-cell FlowSOM cluster, and the results are shown as common T cell clusters. Figure 3 is the relative expression of the markers detected by CyTOF.

Type of Immune Cells

Immune cells perform specific functions in the immune system. Immune cell markers can be used to identify and distinguish between different types of immune cells. Below we have listed common immune cells and their surface markers:

Features of Our Service

Creative Biolabs has always provided expertise and timely communication throughout the service.

If you are interested in our immune cell surface marker identification service, please feel free to contact us. We also offer more Bioassay services, if you are interested, please click to check it out!

References

1. Orrù, V.; et al. "Complex genetic signatures in immune cells underlie autoimmunity and inform therapy." Nat Genet. (2020) 52, 1036-1045 (2020).
2. Wu, A.A.; et al. "A phase II study of allogeneic GM-CSF-transfected pancreatic tumor vaccine (GVAX) with Ipilimumab as maintenance treatment for metastatic pancreatic cancer." Clinical cancer research. (2020): 5129-5139.

For Research Use Only | Not For Clinical Use