Creative Biolabs brings state-of-the-art technology and highly experienced specialists to help you develop antibody/peptide targeting Trypanosoma. We are pleased to use our extensive experience and advanced platform to offer the best service to satisfy each demand from our customers.
Human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), or sleeping sickness, is caused by the infection of protozoan flagellar parasites Trypanosoma brucei (T.b.) gambiense and T.b. rhodesiense. The control of this deadly disease in sub-Saharan Africa mainly depends on a correct diagnosis and treatment. Detection of these parasites in blood, lymph node aspirate or cerebrospinal fluid is laborious and insensitive, and therefore only applied on suspected HAT patients. In the absence of reliable detection tests against Trypanosoma antigens, the screening of the population at risk relies on the detection of antibodies against variant surface glycoproteins (VSGs).
Chagas' disease results from infection of parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and affects a large number of persons in Central and Latin America. Human contact with the reduviid bug and blood transfusion leads to the transmission of Chagas’ disease. Direct detection of the organism in blood samples by direct examinations such as hemoculture and xenodiagnosis is difficult and shows low sensitivity. In contrast, serologic methods for the detection of antibodies to T. cruzi antigens have been the most effective methods for demonstrating exposure to the parasite, and consensus-positive sera are determined by use of multiple assays, such as hemagglutination, complement fixation, immunofluorescence titration (IFAT), as well as ELISA. Since fixed whole organisms or crude antigens are employed, these assays may result in specificity problems due to cross-reactivity with other organisms. Radioimmunoprecipitation (RIPA) with specific T. cruzi antigens has been used as a confirmatory assay in the United States.
Several important T. cruzi antigens has been used in the development of assays for detection of T. cruzi infection. TcD, a major antigenic epitope of a 260 kDa T.cruzi trypomastigote antigen, is highly sensitive and specific for T. cruzi. It contains a 10-amino acid repeat epitope which can be synthesized as one and one-half repeat units, resulting in comparable sensitivity to the parent recombinant.
Immunogenic VSGs form a dense monolayer of homodimers that completely covers the surface of bloodstream trypanosomes and determines the variable antigen type (VAT) of the individual trypanosome. The parasite genome contains hundreds of VSG genes. This antigenic variation enables the parasite population to survive the host’s immune response. Each VSG monomer contains 400–500 amino acids and consists of two domains, a variable N-terminal domain with little primary sequence homology and a relatively conserved C-terminal domain. A glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor links the C-terminal domain to the cell membrane. All N-terminal domains fold in a similar three-dimensional structure, exposing only a limited subset of probably discontinuous epitopes.
rTcE, is a 35 kDa ribosomal protein identified by screening a cDNA expression library from T. cruzi, using known Chagas’ disease sera that are negative for antibodies against TcD. There are 16 copies of a 7-amino acid conserved repeat sequence with some diversity in specific amino acids within the repeat. Synthesis of three repeats has turned out to be with the full reactivity of the full-length recombinants.
Based on our advanced AntInfect™ Platform, a series of anti-parasite biomolecular with high specificity and affinity has been identified for research, diagnostic and therapeutic uses. For Trypanosoma, a range of targets can be used for antibody discovery and based on the antibody discovered or existed in serum, high-quality epitope mapping service can be provided to find the functional peptides on the antigen.
With more than ten years of industry experience, our scientists guarantee to help you in the discovery of antibody/peptide targeting Trypanosoma faster and effectively. Our scientists are confident in offering the best services upon request. In addition, we offer neutralizing antibody and peptide discovery services against a wide range of viruses, as well as antibody/peptide discovery against bacteria. Please contact us for more information and a detailed quote.
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