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Monoclonal Camel Antibody Discovery Introduction

Single domain antibodies are a new type of genetically engineered antibody obtained by cloning the variable regions of heavy chain antibodies containing naturally missing light chains in animals such as camelids. The discovery of single domain antibodies in camelids is a crucial event for the antibody field. Camelids are capable of producing not only single-domain antibodies but also conventional IgG antibodies, and the latter also offer unique advantages. Based on our rich field experience and advanced antibody preparation platform, Creative Biolabs provides comprehensive antibody discovery services to support monoclonal camel antibody production.

Fig 1. Camel. (Creative Biolabs Authorized)

Monoclonal Camel Antibody Discovery

Camelids are the only mammals that produce not only conventional antibodies composed of heavy and light chains, but also novel single domain antibodies (sdAbs) composed only of heavy chains. Since 1993, when Belgian scientists discovered single-domain antibodies in camelids, researchers have been highly interested in these antibodies, which have a molecular weight size of only 15 KDa.

Compared with traditional antibodies, single domain antibodies have small relative molecular mass, high affinity, high specificity and stability, good solubility, low immunogenicity, strong penetration, and many other advantages. These advantages make it a new type of analytical reagent in immunochemistry. Nowadays, single domain antibodies have been widely used in the fields of structural biology, cell biology and developmental biology. Single domain antibodies have a broad prospect as therapeutic drugs. Due to the natural lack of light chains, single domain antibodies can overcome the solubilization and aggregation behaviors observed in the structural domains of mouse and human VH. In the 30 years since the development of sdAbs, important advances have been made in their related research. Currently, many sdAbs for disease treatment are in the clinical research stage. It has been reported that single-domain antibodies against tumor-specific antigens can be used to mediate drug-specific recognition of tumors, thereby reducing the nonspecific cytotoxicity of drugs on normal cells. Therefore, single domain antibodies also play an important role in drug delivery for tumor targeting.

Conventional antibodies from camelids have received significantly less attention when compared to single domain antibodies. In fact, conventional antibodies produced by camelids offer many advantages in production and study. Camelids are quite distant from humans in terms of progression, which allows them to produce antibodies with high specificity and affinity against a wide range of therapeutic target antigens. Especially when the target antigen is highly homologous to rodents or when in vivo experiments using mouse models are required for antibody validation, camelids would be a good alternative. Camelids produce a more diverse set of antibodies. Unlike highly inbred strains of mice, camelids are inbred strains and will have a more diverse response to immunogens injected into the body. Camelid antibodies exhibit high structural homology with human antibodies. The variable structural domains of camelids and humans exhibit a high degree of structural homology. In addition, the backbone regions of camelid antibodies exhibit very high sequence homology with those of human antibodies, much higher than that between rodents and humans. This means that compared with rodent monoclonal antibodies, camelid antibodies can be humanized with only a small number of mutations, which can maximize the affinity and potency of the parent clone.

It is now possible to rapidly prepare camelid antibodies by phage display technology. The phage display library construction and screening can rapidly obtain targeted antibodies. By immune antibody library, it is possible to screen high affinity antibodies with a small library size.

Creative Biolabs has a wealth of knowledge and experience in monoclonal antibody discovery. We would be happy to share with you our knowledge and experience related to camel antibody discovery.


All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

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