Creative Biolabs is offering the most comprehensive services for antibody development projects. With strict regulation and effective execution, we are dedicated to providing the most valuable solutions to complete your projects.
HighlightsWith over a decade of experience in phage display technology, Creative Biolabs can provide a series of antibody or peptide libraries that are available for licensing or direct screening. These ready-to-use libraries are invaluable resources for isolating target-specific binders for various research, diagnostic or therapeutic applications.
HighlightsCreative Biolabs has established a broad range of platforms for developing novel antibodies or equivalents. These cutting-edge technologies enable our scientists to meet your demands from different aspects and tailor the most appropriate solution that contributes to the success of your projects.
HighlightsWith deep understanding in antibody-related realms and extensive project experience, Creative Biolabs offers a variety of references to help you learn more about our capacities and achievements, including infographic, flyer, case study, peer-reviewed publications, and all kinds of knowledge that can assist your projects. You are also welcome to contact us directly for more specific solutions.
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HighlightsImmunoglobulins are effector molecules that play a key role in adaptive immunity in vertebrates. Fish are the first vertebrate group to have immunoglobulins evolutionarily. There is still limited research on fish such as zebrafish, so more in-depth studies are needed on zebrafish and other fish. Based on our rich field experience and advanced monoclonal zebrafish antibody preparation platform, Creative Biolabs provides comprehensive antibody discovery services to support monoclonal zebrafish antibody production.
Zebrafish is a typical scleractinian fish and also a commonly used experimental model. Currently, three types of immunoglobulins, lgM, IgD, and IgT, have been identified in zebrafish. Among them, IgT is the immunoglobulin type specific to zebrafish. Although previous studies have shown that scleractinian IgM is an important defense factor in mucosal immunity and that IgM is considered to be the only immunoglobulin type in both systemic and mucosal immunity, with the discovery of IgT and the revelation of the immune function of rainbow trout IgT, IgT has been considered to be a more important mucosal immunoglobulin type than IgM, which mainly plays a role in systemic immunity. With the increasing research on IgT in zebrafish, the composition, structure, and function of IgT subclasses, as well as the origin and evolution of IgT are now better understood.
The current study shows that the immune functions of the two IgT subclasses in zebrafish are significantly differentiated and complementary. The concentration of IgT1 in zebrafish serum, skin mucus, and gill mucus increased significantly after bacterial infection. In contrast, the expression of IgT2 was not detected in serum and its concentration was significantly increased only in skin mucus and gill mucus. The correlative findings suggest that zebrafish IgT1 functions in both systemic and mucosal immunity, whereas IgT2 is more specific to mucosal immunity. In addition, recent studies on zebrafish have shown that zebrafish IgT1, an important maternal immunity antibody, is highly expressed in the ovary and can be passed on to the offspring through the eggs, providing important immunoprotection to the embryo, whereas IgM expression was not detected in either the ovary or the fertilized eggs. Alternatively, maternal immunity can be achieved by immunizing female parental fish to increase the concentration of antigen-specific IgT1 in fertilized eggs and zygotic embryos.
Although the functional studies on lgT in zebrafish have been relatively thorough, the mechanism of action of lgT in many fish species is still unclear. For example, the immune response patterns of short-type lgT and chimeric lgMT against different pathogens, and whether there is a functional differentiation between systemic and mucosal immunity in multiple lgTs in the same species are still unclear. And the existing studies suggest that lgT plays an important role in the immune process. Therefore, more in-depth studies on lgT in zebrafish and even other fish species are needed.
Obtaining antibodies by phage display library construction is a common way to prepare antibodies. Generally, commonly used antibodies can be obtained from natural or semi-synthetic antibody libraries. This is the most important and common method to obtain antibodies by most phage display techniques. Screening antibodies by immune antibody libraries can obtain antibodies with higher specificity and affinity. Immune antibody libraries are constructed from the antibody genes of immunized donor B lymphocytes. Due to the selective pressure of immunization, the abundance of specific antibodies against the corresponding immunogens is much higher than that of other non-specific antibodies, and some of these specific antibodies undergo the affinity maturation process of the immune system so that high-affinity and high-specificity antibodies can be obtained by screening from this immune-antibody library.
Creative Biolabs has a wealth of knowledge and experience in monoclonal antibody discovery. We would be happy to share with you our knowledge and experience related to monoclonal zebrafish antibody discovery.
All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.
