BSG

Basigin (BSG) also named as CD147 and EMMPRIN, is a transmembrane glycoprotein with two immunoglobulin-like domains, and constitutes a family with neuroplastin and embigin. The transmembrane domains of these proteins have a conserved glutamic acid in the middle. BSG is located on chromosome 19 band p13.3. It usually can find on the surface of human metastatic tumors, stimulates fibroblasts to secrete matrix metalloproteases that remodel the extracellular matrix.
It has found that knockout mice deficient in the Bsg gene are sterile and display a variety of neurological abnormalities. Besides, BSG-deficient embryos are also difficult to implant. It has been proven to be involved in the cell-surface orientation of monocarboxylic acid transporters (MCTs) to the plasma membrane. Moreover, BSG is associated with inflammatory processes and is considered to be a receptor of cyclophilin A. Also, it is probably to be involved in HIV infection. In tumor cells, BSG is able to mediate the production or release of matrix metalloproteinases in the surrounding mesenchymal cells and tumor cells, therefore, contributing to tumor invasion.
Gene ID: 682
UniProt ID: P35613