CCL11

C-C motif chemokine 11 (CCL11), also named as eosinophil chemotactic protein or eotaxin-1, is a protein that in humans encoded by the CCL11 gene (located on chromosome 17). CCL11 was first found in the peripheral immune system as a strong eosinophil chemoattractant in allergic inflammation, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and inflammatory bowel disease.
Previously, it has been proven that CCL11 is produced and act mostly in the periphery. Researchers in mice have demonstrated that CCL11 is capable of both penetrating the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and in aged mice, enable to be directly formed by the choroid plexus epithelial cells suggesting direct CNS effects. Besides, in primary cultures of astrocytes, pericytes, and microglia, inflammatory insults have been found to stimulate CCL11 secretion. Moreover, oligodendrocytes, microglia, astrocytes and neurons are observed to express CCR1, CCR3, and CCR5, which are the cognate receptors for CCL11. All these findings revealed that CCL11 is able to reach the central nervous system (CNS) and interact with resident microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. In addition, it has been reported that CCL11 is a promising useful biomarker for the diagnosis and assessment of asthma severity and control, especially in sputum.
Gene ID: 6356
UniProt ID: P51671

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