CCL2

C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1), is one of the important chemokines from the CC family. It is a monomeric polypeptide, and the molecular weight of which is approximately 13 kDa. CCL2 regulates migration and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages during inflammation and is anchored in the plasma membrane of endothelial cells by glycosaminoglycan side chains of proteoglycans. It is highly expressed in osteoporotic bone and prostate cancer-induced bone resorption.
Additionally, CCL2 enables to control physiological bone remodeling in response to hormonal and mechanical stimuli. According to the mode of administration, parathyroid hormone (PTH) has multifaceted effects on bone. Intermittent PTH promotes bone in vivo through improving the number and activity of osteoblasts, however, a continuous infusion of PTH reduces bone mass via stimulating a net improvement in bone resorption. Therefore, CCL2 is extremely important for both anabolic and catabolic effects of PTH. Importantly, it has been reported that the expression and involvement of both CCL2 and its receptor CCR2 have been established in a variety of pathological conditions, such as atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, bacterially induced bone loss, as well as cancer-induced bone loss.
Gene ID: 6347
UniProt ID: P13500