IL1B

Interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), also named leukocytic endogenous mediator or lymphocyte activating factor, is a cytokine protein which in humans is encoded by the IL1B gene. IL-1 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine regulating a great number of immune and inflammatory responses. The IL-1 family of cytokines contains two members: IL-1a and IL-1b, and both of them bind to two cellular receptors, IL-1R type I and type II (IL-1RI and IL-1RII, respectively).
In general, IL-1b precursor is cleaved by cytosolic caspase 1 (interleukin 1 beta convertase) to produce mature IL-1b. IL-1b is a crucial mediator of the inflammatory response, and is related to various cellular activities, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The induction of cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX2) through IL-1b in the central nervous system (CNS) is considered to contribute to inflammatory pain hypersensitivity. Importantly, IL-1 has been proven to be expressed in renal cancer and cervical cancer. Research has also proven that IL-1b is required for the inhibitory effect of macrophages on insulin signaling in human adipocytes.
Gene ID: 3553
UniProt ID: P01584