Additional functionality can be added by engineering exosomes to enhance their delivery, enhance their stability, and enhance their targeting capabilities. Such engineering transformation is divided into two ways, pre-loading and post-loading. Pre-loading of exosomes refers to the transfer of plasmids that express interest molecules and marker proteins on the exosome membrane into mother cells before the formation of exosomes. Interest molecules are then loaded onto the surface of exosomes by way of natural secretion by cells. This strategy enables exosomes to possess specific functional molecules before they are released into the external environment and can protect these molecules from degradation or inactivation. This strategy also facilitates the large-scale production of engineered exosomes.
For pre-loading of exosomes, Creative Biolabs provides cDNA plasmids of classic exosome marker protein to help customers develop engineered exosomes.
A: These cDNA clone plasmids are specifically designed for the modification of exosome surface marker proteins, allowing customers to load target proteins or peptides onto the exosome surface to fulfill research needs related to endogenous exosome modification. Customers can transfect the modified plasmids into cells, leveraging the cells' exosome synthesis and release mechanisms to display target proteins or peptides on the exosome surface.
A: Customers can insert specific sequences into the plasmids to achieve fusion expression of exosome surface marker proteins with target proteins or peptides, meeting specific research requirements. We can also provide plasmid modification recommendations based on the customer's research objectives.
A: It is recommended that the cDNA length of the target protein or peptide not exceed 2000 bp. If two target proteins or peptides are involved, it is advisable to construct two fusion expression plasmids for dual transfection.
A: Electroporation is generally used to transfect these plasmids, and we can provide recommended electroporation parameters. The optimal transfection method and specific parameters for your project may require multiple trials to achieve high transfection efficiency and effective loading of the target protein or peptide onto the exosome surface.