Tissue Exosome Research and Applications
Tissue exosomes refer to exosomes in the interstitial space of tissues, most of which are secreted by various types of cells within this tissue. At present, the biofluids used in a large number of exosome research are generally cell supernatants and various body fluids. However, due to the lack of authenticity and exclusivity, the exosomes derived from these biofluids cannot represent real pathological changes. The tissue exosomes located in the lesion represent the real exosome communication network between cells in the pathological microenvironment. Some literature has reported the extraction process of exosomes from brain tissue, heart tissue, bone tissue, muscle tissue, and other tissue sources and the important role of these exosomes in characterizing pathological changes and mediating disease development mechanisms. Creative Biolabs has discovered greater application potential of tissue exosomes in the discovery of disease markers and research on disease mechanisms and treatment in the future.
Research Progress on Tissue Exosome Extraction
Different from various body fluids and cell supernatants, the structure of tissues is more complex. To extract exosomes in the interstitial space, the interstitial fluid must first be removed from the highly tortuous interstitial space and the highly structured extracellular matrix, while avoiding the influence of free cells and damaged cells. The following four methods have been reported for tissue exosome extraction.
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Transform the tissue into a tissue homogenate by physical means such as grinding. Then isolate tissue exosomes from the tissue homogenate by ultracentrifugation.
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Digest specific tissues by infusing collagenase in situ. Then take out the digested tissue and digest it again. Finally isolate tissue exosomes from the digested supernatant by ultracentrifugation.
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After the tissue is sliced, digest the tissue section. Isolate tissue exosomes from the digested supernatant by ultracentrifugation.
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Culture tissue blocks in vitro for a short period of time. Then isolate tissue exosomes from the tissue culture supernatant by ultracentrifugation, precipitation, or size exclusion chromatography.
Creative Biolabs has developed a new set of efficient tissue exosome extraction methods through continuous optimization based on previous reports and own practice and can provide customers with tissue exosome extraction and downstream research services.
Fig. 1 Schematic overview of the centrifugation-based protocol used to isolate vesicles from metastatic melanoma tissues. (Crescitelli, 2020)
Application Prospects of Tissue Exosome
Since tissue exosomes are exosomes involved in disease progression in the pathological microenvironment, the study of tissue exosomes can accelerate the realization of exosome-based liquid biopsy and drug-loaded therapy. At present, tissue exosomes are mainly used in the following four aspects.
The currently reported studies on tissue exosomes are mainly divided into the following aspects.
Creative Biolabs has established a complete exosome research and development laboratory and is committed to providing customers with standardized exosome isolation and subsequent one-stop research services, including exosome identification, exosome profiling, exosome proteomics, exosome RNA sequencing, exosome lipidomics and metabolomics and other technical services. Our technical team has professional scientific research capabilities and service consulting capabilities and can provide you with the most efficient pre-sales, sales, and after-sales services. If you want to research tissue exosomes, please contact us.
Reference
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Crescitelli, R.; Lässer, C.; et al. Subpopulations of extracellular vesicles from human metastatic melanoma tissue identified by quantitative proteomics after optimized isolation. Journal of Extracellular Vesicles. 2020. 9(1):1722433.
For Research Use Only. Cannot be used by patients.
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