NAA Services for Anti-HSP60/65 Antibody
After years of investigations and efforts in NAA (natural autoantibodies) research, Creative Biolabs is proudly capable to provide a full range of anti-HSP 60/65 antibody and related services for our worldwide customers with our high-end technologies, abundant experience, and professional staff. Our customized NAA service will greatly promote your project development and related-disease diagnosis.
Background of Anti-HSP60/65 Antibody
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), also known as stress proteins, are a group of highly conserved proteins found in the cells present in virtually all living organisms in response to exposure to stressful conditions. The first description of HSPs dated back to 1962 because of the relation to heat shock. Many other types of stressful conditions are able to induce the expression of HSPs, including cold, UV light, and wound healing or tissue remodeling. HSPs are named according to their molecular weight, of which Hsp60 and Hsp65 refer to families of HSPs on the order of 60 and 65 kDa in size, respectively.
HSPs play important roles in cardiovascular and immunity with exclusive applications including anticancer and autoimmunity treatments. Increasing evidence indicates that abnormal levels of HSPs, as well as autoantibodies against Hsp60/65, are involved in many pathological disorders, including atherosclerosis, heart failure, autoimmune disorders, and cancers.
Fig.1 Two functions of heat shock proteins. (Whitley, 1999)
The Role of Anti-HSP60/65 in Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a chronic and progressive disease in which the inside of arteries become narrowed and hardened due to a buildup of plaque around the artery wall. Symptoms of atherosclerosis are different mainly depending on which arteries are affected by progress, such as chronic kidney disease, carotid artery disease, stroke, etc. Actually, atherosclerosis is a kind of inflammatory disease of arteries where lymphocytes and autoantibodies are implicated at different stages of the disease. The role of HSPs and anti-HSP 60/65 antibodies in atherosclerosis has been widely described. Increased titers of anti-HSP65/60 antibodies in the sera can be observed in atherosclerosis patients, which suggests that anti-HSP 60/65 antibody has great potentiality in diagnosis as a biomarker.
Fig.2 The autoimmune concept of atherosclerosis. (Wick, 2014)
The Role of Anti-HSP60/65 in Myocarditis
Myocarditis is a kind of inflammation and damage of the heart muscle or myocardium characterized by symptoms such as abnormal heartbeat, breath, and chest pain. Myocarditis commonly results from viral infections, bacterial infections, autoimmune disorders, and toxins. Several circulating autoantibodies induced by infections have been demonstrated to play a crucial role in the progression and induction of myocarditis. Many studies have shown that over-expression of HSPs in cardiac cells both in animal models and in the intact heart will produce cardiac protective effects. Autoantibodies against HSPs (HSP60, HSP65, and HSP70) are also expressed in a high proportion of patients with myocardial disease including dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. Plasmatic concentrations of HSPs and anti-HSPs induced by myocarditis might act as a potential screening biomarker for early diagnosis.
The Role of Anti-HSP60/65 in Primary Liver Cancer
Primary liver cancer is a tumor that starts in the liver, which differs from metastatic liver cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common form of primary liver cancer in adults. Risk factors such as hepatitis B/C virus infection, autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, and obesity/diabetes are all causes leading to primary liver cancer. Evidence indicated that in a diversity of human cancers including primary liver cancer, HSPs were overexpressed and implicated in tumor cells’ recognition by the immune system, tumor cells proliferation, differentiation, invasion, metastasis, and death. Both HSPs and anti-HSPs antibodies are of great value in the prediction, diagnosis even potential therapy for primary liver cancer.
Fig.3 HSPs in the tumor cell and immunity. (Fecek, 2018)
Working with Us to Get Success in Your NAA Project
Based on our well-established NAA platforms and profound expertise, Creative Biolabs has successfully completed a lot of NAA programs including anti-HSP60/65 antibody-related researches and applications. It is exciting to offer our off-the-shelf or custom products and NAA services to help you get landmark development. If you are interested, please contact us, we can customize our offering to meet your specific project needs.
References:
- Whitley, D.; et al. Heat shock proteins: A review of the molecular chaperones. Journal of Vascular Surgery. 1999, 4(29): 748-751.
- Wick, G.; et al. The role of heat shock proteins in atherosclerosis. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2014, 11(9):516-529.
- Fecek, R.J.; et al. Inhibition of HSPs for Enhanced Immunity. Heat Shock Proteins in the Immune System. 2018, p: 157-180.
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