With the rapid development of in vitro diagnostic (IVD) market, Creative Biolabs has become a leading service provider that focuses on discovery and development of IVD antibodies with high specificity, high sensitivity for diagnostic use. Based on our comprehensive platforms and years of experience, Creative Biolabs is confident in offering the best service of IVD antibody discovery against various markers of lung cancer, such as the human CR-1 marker.
General Description of Human Cripto-1 (CR-1)
Human Cripto-1 (CR-1) is a member of the epidermal growth factor cripto FRL1 cryptic (EGF-CFC) family, which is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of human carcinoma. Recently, it has been reported that plasma CR-1 might represent a novel biomarker for the detection of breast, colon carcinomas and gastric cancer. Cripto-1 upon binding to Glypican-1 activates MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and Akt signaling pathways during tumor progression, enhancing cell proliferation and survival. MAPK and PI3K (phosphatydil inositol 3' kinase) /Akt pathways can also inhibit GSK-3 (glycogen synthase kinase 3), leading to activation and stabilization of-catenin. GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78) can also enhance Cripto-1 activation of the MAPK/Akt signaling pathways.
Fig.1 Intracellular signaling pathways activated by Cripto-1 during oncogenic transformation. (Castro, N. P., 2004)
Elevated Expression of CR-1 and Poor Prognosis in NSCLC
CR-1 plays an important oncogenic role during tumorigenesis, and it is overexpressed in a wide range of carcinomas including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Numerous studies have demonstrated high expression levels of CR-1 to correlate with malignant transformation, tumor invasiveness, metastatic spreading, and poor prognosis. Some researchers suggest a potentially promising use of CR-1 as a valuable prognostic marker, but they also imply a possible link between the biological function of CR-1 and the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Nonetheless, further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which CR-1 participates in the development and progression of lung cancer and to address whether CR-1 could be used as a target for therapeutic approaches. In summary, CR-1 is highly expressed in NSCLC and associated with poor tumor differentiation, TNM stage, and lymph node metastasis, as well as poor prognosis of NSCLC patients. Furthermore, CR-1 levels appear to be an independent predictor of survival for patients with NSCLC.
Fig.2 Immunohistochemical analysis of CR-1 in NSCLC patients. a Low expression level of CR-1. b High expression level of CR-1. (Xu, C. H., 2014)
IVD antibodies are widely used for the diagnosis of a variety of diseases. Creative Biolabs can offer high-affinity IVD antibody development service for CR-1 marker. With extensive experience and advanced technology, Creative Biolabs is specialized in generating IVD antibodies targeting disease-specific diagnostic biomarkers. Moreover, we offer high-quality IVD immunoassay development services to provide immunoassays of different formats, including lateral flow, chemiluminescence assays, ELISA tests, and turbidimetric assays. We have successfully accomplished a number of assay development projects and will be your obvious choice for your IVD projects. Please feel free to contact us for more information and a detailed quote.
References
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