In the past, studies mainly focused on body fluid-derived or cell culture supernatant-derived exosomes, and as the research progresses and the level of research increases, adipose tissue-derived exosomes are receiving more and more attention. Creative Biolabs provides comprehensive services for the isolation, identification, histological profiling, and functional modification of adipose tissue exosomes.
At Adipose Tissue Exosome Research and Application, we specialize in facilitating cutting-edge research in the field of adipose-derived exosomes. Our services encompass the isolation, characterization, and analysis of exosomes from various adipose tissue sources. We offer comprehensive consultations for experimental design and the development of customized protocols suited to your specific research objectives. We aim to accelerate your discoveries and enhance the understanding of adipose tissue exosome biology.
White adipose tissue exosomes have been identified as potential markers for obesity and its comorbidities. Researchers extracted exosomes from obese and lean individuals, analyzing their overall characteristics and protein profiles through characterization and mass spectrometry. They found that half of the proteins were identical between visceral and subcutaneous fat exosomes, but obese visceral adipose tissue exosomes were enriched with obesity-related adipokines. Functional classification revealed that these exosomes had increased proteins associated with inflammation and insulin resistance, such as TGF-β1 and CAVN1. Further SWATH analysis identified candidate molecular markers of morbid obesity, highlighting decreased syntenin 1 and increased TGF-β1 and mimecan, aiding in clinical quantification and diagnosis.
Fig.1 Challenges of EV isolation from adipose tissue.1
The key to studying the function of adipose tissue exosome-mediated intercellular communication is to verify the presence of shared cell membrane components between the two cell types and the exosomes delivering proteins within them. After several weeks of transplantation of adipose tissue labeled with cell membranes into the host fat pad, detection of fluorescently labeled signals in adipocytes at the transplantation site allows analysis of the exchange of membrane components between adipocytes and other cell types in the tissue. Before the co-cultivation of adipocytes with other cells, knockdown of target genes in recipient cells, detection of target protein signals in recipient cells, as well as setting up an exosome biogenesis inhibitor as a negative control, allows in vitro analysis of intercellular molecular transfer based on exosome mechanisms. The isolated adipose tissue exosomes were then profiled for density, morphology, particle size, vesicle markers, mass spectrometry, and target protein assays to dissect exosome components associated with signal transduction potential.
Adipose tissue exosomes are linked to increased disease risk by regulating distal organs. Studies show that exosomes from adipose tissue in high-fat diets deliver pro-inflammatory miRNAs to the gut, worsening colitis. In vivo tracing of exosomes injected into mice revealed accumulation in the intestinal lamina propria, demonstrating tissue transfer. When lean mice received exosomes from high-fat diet mice, colitis worsened due to enriched miR-155 promoting M1 macrophage polarization. Modifying these exosomes to carry a miR-155 inhibitor and delivering them to high-fat diet mice significantly reduced colitis severity induced by dextran sodium sulfate.
Fig.2 Adipose tissue-derived exosomes in the regulation of biological processes.2
Creative Biolabs provides research services for multi-directional profiling and multi-domain applications of adipose tissue exosomes, helping clients to advance projects related to adipose tissue exosomes. Please contact us to discuss your project.
A: We recommend tailoring the isolation protocol to your tissue source and intended downstream applications. Factors such as the choice of isolation method (ultracentrifugation, precipitation, etc.), buffer composition, and temperature can significantly affect yield and purity.
A: Depending on your research goals, we suggest employing a combination of techniques such as mass spectrometry for proteomic analysis, and qPCR or NGS for RNA profiling. Each method offers distinct advantages, and integrating multiple approaches will provide a comprehensive understanding of exosomal content.
A: To enhance reproducibility, we advise maintaining strict consistency in sample handling and processing parameters. Documenting all variables, including tissue source, isolation methods, and storage conditions, is essential.
A: Yes, we can assist in identifying and validating potential biomarkers present in adipose-derived exosomes. Our expertise in data analysis and bioinformatics allows us to suggest robust statistical methods and highlight relevant pathways, facilitating your biomarker discovery efforts.
A: Common challenges include achieving high purity and yield during exosome isolation, maintaining the stability of isolated exosomes, and accurately characterizing their heterogeneous populations.
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