Heart Tissue Exosome Research and Application

The heart is one of the most important organs of the human body. From the moment of birth, the human heart begins to work non-stop to support various life activities. However, as the pace of life continues to accelerate, irregular work and rest, unhealthy diet, emotional agitation, high blood pressure, and diabetes may all lead to cardiovascular disease. Most notably, the incidence of some cardiovascular diseases has begun to get younger. In recent years, with the deepening of exosome research, it has been found that exosomes play an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and stem cell exosomes or engineered exosomes are expected to be applied to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, most of the current reports use cell supernatant-derived exosomes or blood-derived exosomes to study the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases or to screen liquid biopsy markers for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Even cell co-culture experiments fail to demonstrate exosome communication between cells in the tissue microenvironment in vivo. Moreover, blood exosomes are a mixture of exosomes from various tissues in the body. False-positive disease markers are easily obtained through blood exosome sequencing.

Creative Biolabs has always focused on the latest research results of exosomes and has successfully isolated high-quality exosomes from multiple tissues. We can provide customers with tissue exosome extraction and identification services, body fluid exosome and tissue exosome combined research service, tissue exosome and single-cell combined transcriptomics and proteomics research services, and tissue exosome in vivo and in vitro function research services. These technologies can help customers better explore the potential of exosomes based on the data of tissue exosomes.

Application of Heart Tissue Exosome

Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) refers to the interruption of myocardial blood supply in a short period of time, and after the blood supply is restored within a certain period of time, the original ischemic myocardium is more seriously damaged than that during ischemia. MIRI has become a major problem affecting the efficacy of cardiovascular surgery. A research team from Tongji University found that MIRI significantly increased the release of EVs in the heart during the identification of MIRI cardiac tissue extracellular vesicles (EVs). Since exosomes are an important medium for the communication of various cells in the tissue microenvironment, the team further found that MIRI-induced EVs can promote inflammation and promote the polarization of macrophage M1 through in vitro and in vivo studies. In addition, miRNA sequencing results of MIRI heart tissue EVs and subsequent qPCR validation results showed that miR-155-5p plays a key regulatory role in this pro-inflammatory process.

Atrial fibrillation refers to the irregular beating of the heart, with a frequency as high as 300-600 beats per minute. It is easy to develop into heart failure and stroke, and there is a risk of sudden death. In the previous studies, researchers have successfully extracted EVs from the epicardial fat (eFat) tissue of 32 patients with atrial fibrillation. They also found that these EVs were involved in the induction of atrial fibrosis to promote the development of cardiomyopathy and atrial fibrillation through miRNA sequencing, proteomics, and in vitro functional studies. These results provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.

Fig. 1 eFat-EVs trigger atrial inflammation, fibrosis, and fibrillation. (Shaihov-Teper, 2021)

Creative Biolabs is a well-known exosome technology service provider and has been committed to providing global customers with the most comprehensive and high-quality exosome one-stop service. As an important carrier of information exchange between cells, some studies have found that heart tissue exosomes mediate the communication between different cells in the heart tissue microenvironment, and play an important regulatory role in myocardial fibrosis and immune inflammation. If you want to study the mechanism or key molecules of heart tissue exosomes, please contact us and leave your specific ideas. Our professional team will formulate the most efficient experimental plan for you based on our previous experience and existing reports.

Reference

Shaihov-Teper, O.; Ram, E.; et al. Extracellular vesicles from epicardial fat facilitate atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2021. 143(25):2475-2493.

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