Animal experiments are not only cumbersome, costly, require high experimental skills, but also face the problem that the results do not correctly reflect the effects of drugs on the human body. Therefore, finding and establishing a suitable in vitro model has become an important direction for screening and evaluating drugs. Creative Biolabs has extensive experience in drug development, and our in vitro model library includes a wide range of in vitro models. We also offer comprehensive drug screening and evaluation services to meet your every need for drug development and evaluation.
Pharmacodynamics mainly studies the effects of drugs on the body and its mechanism of action and the relationship between the dose and effect of drugs. Pharmacokinetics is the study that applies kinetic principles and mathematical methods to quantitatively describe the dynamic changes in the process of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs in the body, and the relationship between the location, quantity and time of drugs in the body. The significance of studying pharmacodynamics lies in elucidating the role and mechanism of action of drugs, guiding clinical rational drug use and then exerting the best efficacy of drugs, avoiding and reducing the occurrence of adverse reactions, or laying the foundation for the development of new drugs. The drug enters the body from the site of administration to produce a drug effect, and then is discharged by the body, during which it undergoes a basic process of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, which is called the in vivo process of the drug. This process has a large impact on the onset time, effect intensity and duration of the drug. Therefore, research on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs is an important part of drug development.
In Vitro Model for Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics Studies
The use of various in vitro models to evaluate pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of drugs and gradually replace traditional animal experiments is a trend in drug research. Creative Biolabs has 2D cell lines covering a variety of disease types, 3D cell models, various organoids from normal tissues, organoids from patients, parallel artificial membrane permeability assay, 3D bio-printed tissue models as well as in vitro models like organ-on-a-chip. We also provide professional pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic evaluation services based on these models.
3D cell model is a cell-scaffold complex in which a scaffold having a three-dimensional structure of different materials is co-cultured with different kinds of cells in vitro, and the cells can migrate and grow in a three-dimensional structure of the scaffold. The 3D cell model not only maintains the cellular microenvironment in the body but also demonstrates the intuitiveness and conditional controllability of cell culture. There are already many pharmaceutical companies that have begun to screen and evaluate early drug toxicity using 3D cell models. Among them, the in vitro genotoxicity evaluation using humanized recombinant 3D skin cell model instead of mammalian cells has been recognized by International Workgroup of Genetic Toxicology and EURL ECVAM.
Organoids prepared using the self-organizing ability of stem cells can mimic the structure and function of native organs. Compared with the two-dimensional cultured cell model, the organoids reflect the physiological processes of the whole organism, are closer to the composition and behavior of physiological cells, and have more stable genomes, which is more suitable for transfection and high-throughput screening. More importantly, operations on organoids are relatively simple compared to animal models, making it easier to establish disease models, screen for anti-cancer drugs, study adverse drug reactions, and serve gene and cell therapies.
The increase in the level of drug research and development has led to an increase in the number of candidate compounds for each class of drugs, which has greatly increased the workload of drug screening. Therefore, rapid and efficient screening of compounds has become an urgent need for drug development. The parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) is a powerful tool for drug screening, using artificial phospholipids as a biofilm to mimic the drug's transmembrane barrier for drug membrane permeation studies. Through different ratios of artificial phospholipid membranes, PAMPA can be developed into in vitro models such as intestinal tract, blood-brain barrier and skin absorption, which can achieve high-throughput screening of drugs, while also having flexibility, low cost, low dosage, good reproducibility, and other characteristics.
The efficacy of a drug depends on the cellular activity observed in the laboratory to match the activity of the cells in our body, and the precise model is the key to achieving this match. The 3D bio-printed tissue model replicates the 3D environment and precisely locates cells and drugs in these environments, providing a more accurate simulation of the human body, allowing cells to behave as usual and more in line with the human body. Therefore, studying the effects of drugs on human cells at this level will make the results more meaningful and more accurate in predicting what will happen to the human body.
The organ-on-a-chip is a multi-channel 3D Microfluidic cell culture chip that simulates the activity, mechanical properties and physiological responses of organs on the Microfluidic chip. Combining micromachining technology with biology, the reconstructed physiological and mechanical functions of human organs can be precisely controlled by the movement of fluids and the dynamic interface of tissue-tissue. The model thus prepared is closer to the state of the human bodies than traditional static cell culture. The physiological micro-systems of these organs on the chip can accurately predict the response of the human body to different drugs or external stimuli by simulating the relationship between the main structural functions of different tissues and complex organs of the human body in vitro, and this makes it have broad application prospects in life sciences and medical research, new drug development, personalized medicine, toxicity prediction, and biological defense.
Developing drugs is a long, arduous, and costly process that requires professional background and long-term preclinical and clinical evaluation. The use of advanced in vitro models for high-throughput screening of candidate compounds and evaluation of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics has become a shortcut for drug development today. With more than 10 years of experience in drug development, Creative Biolabs has established a large library of in vitro models and developed comprehensive and advanced drug evaluation services. We are always being ready to serve drug researchers around the world in the most professional spirit!
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