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HighlightsProton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 (hPAT1), also known as Solute carrier family 36 member 1 (SLC36A1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC36A1 gene. SLC36A1 functions as H+-coupled amino acid symporters. SLC36A1 is expressed at the luminal surface of the small intestine and is also commonly found in lysosomes of many cell types, including neurons. It is a multipurpose vector that has different roles in different cells, including absorption in the small intestine and as a pathway for efflux after intralysosomal protein breakdown. SLC36A1 has a relatively low affinity for its substrates, including imino acids and zwitterionic amino acids, heterocyclic amino acids and amino acid-based drugs. It is experimentally and/or clinically used to treat bacterial infections, schizophrenia, epilepsy, cancer, and hyperglycemia.
| Basic Information of SLC36A1 | |
| Protein Name | Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1 |
| Gene Name | SLC36A1 |
| Aliases | Proton/amino acid transporter 1, hPAT1, Solute carrier family 36 member 1, PAT1 |
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) |
| UniProt ID | Q7Z2H8 |
| Transmembrane Times | 11 |
| Length (aa) | 476 |
| Sequence | MSTQRLRNEDYHDYSSTDVSPEESPSEGLNNLSSPGSYQRFGQSNSTTWFQTLIHLLKGNIGTGLLGLPLAVKNAGIVMGPISLLIIGIVAVHCMGILVKCAHHFCRRLNKSFVDYGDTVMYGLESSPCSWLRNHAHWGRRVVDFFLIVTQLGFCCVYFVFLADNFKQVIEAANGTTNNCHNNETVILTPTMDSRLYMLSFLPFLVLLVFIRNLRALSIFSLLANITMLVSLVMIYQFIVQRIPDPSHLPLVAPWKTYPLFFGTAIFSFEGIGMVLPLENKMKDPRKFPLILYLGMVIVTILYISLGCLGYLQFGANIQGSITLNLPNCWLYQSVKLLYSIGIFFTYALQFYVPAEIIIPFFVSRAPEHCELVVDLFVRTVLVCLTCILAILIPRLDLVISLVGSVSSSALALIIPPLLEVTTFYSEGMSPLTIFKDALISILGFVGFVVGTYEALYELIQPSNAPIFINSTCAFI |
In addition to rheogenic H+/zwitterionic amino acid transport, SLC36A1 can also act as an electroneutral transport system for H+ and fatty acids including acetate, propionate, and butyrate. Low-affinity, high-capacity, transport characteristics, and relatively broad substrate specificity identify SLC36A1 as a potential pathway for transport of orally delivered hydrophilic amino acid-based drugs across the luminal surface of the human small intestinal wall, which is the initial barrier to effective drug delivery. SLC36A1 is considered to be involved in the control of growth and proliferation.
Fig.1 The H+-coupled amino acid transporter PAT1 (SLC36A1) can transport a number of compounds with potential therapeutic values (shown in blue). (Thwaites, 2011)
The article investigates the localization and function of PAT1 in smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Knockdown of PAT1 led to induced cellular growth, suggesting a role of PAT1 in regulating cellular proliferation of SMCs.
The article reports that although vigabatrin is a PAT1 substrate and the rPAT1 protein is expressed in the rectum epithelium, the rectal absorption of vigabatrin in rats is low.
The article indicates that Gaboxadol has an affinity for the proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1, SLC36A1, and the positive charge is essential for Gbx binding to SLC36A1.
The article reveals that ALA is a substrate for SLC36A1, and the apical absorption in Caco-2 cell is only mediated by SLC36A1 and SLC15A1.
Authors in this group identify the selected dipeptides as inhibitors of PAT1 mediated drug uptake in various in vitro models.
To obtain the soluble and functional target protein, the versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform in Creative Biolabs enables many flexible options, from which you can always find a better match for your particular project. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-SLC36A1 antibody development services.
As a leading service provider, Creative Biolabs is proud to present our professional service in membrane protein preparation and help you with the research of membrane proteins. Please do not hesitate to inquire us for more details.
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