CHRNB2 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of CHRNB2

CHRNB2 is gene of beta 2 subunit of neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2. The locus is physically mapped to 1q21.3, distal to a region that carries a group of genes involved in keratinocyte differentiation. The gene consists of six exons, a GC-rich promoter region that includes a presumptive neural-restrictive silencer element, and a long 39 untranslated region (UTR). It is expressed predominantly in brain, but also in several non-neuronal tissues including skin, bone marrow, peripheral B-lymphocytes, spleen, prostate, and testis. Beta-2 subunit can combine with alpha-2, alpha-3 or alpha-4 to give rise to functional receptors, complexes with beta-2 may be heteropentamers which are involved in ligand binding.

Function of CHRNB2 Membrane Protein

The CHRNB2 gene is a particularly attractive target for such genetic investigations. b2-nAChRs participate in 90% of the high-affinity nicotine-binding sites in the brain. They are abundantly expressed in cortex, cerebellum, and other brain regions including the ventral tegmental area. b2-nAChR is involved in the mesolimbic dopamine reward pathway that mediates nicotine’s addictive properties. Furthermore, chronic nicotine administration upregulates b2-nAChR in the central nervous system.

Fig.1 Cartoon illustrating the known expression patterns of ion channels implicated in genetic epilepsy. Gene groups are represented by different colors. (Oyrer, 2018)

Application of CHRNB2 Membrane Protein in Literature

1. Csala I., et al. The possible role of maternal bonding style and CHRNB2 gene polymorphisms in nicotine dependence and related depressive phenotype. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2015, 59:84-90. PubMed ID: 25640319
   
   

   This article reports that direct association of CHRNB2 variants and depressive phenotypes is not significant. But, in interaction with affectionless control, rs2072660 is significantly associated with self-rating depression scale. Maternal bonding style has no significant effect on smoking-related phenotype.

2. Fjaer R., et al. Generalized epilepsy in a family with basal ganglia calcifications and mutations in SLC20A2 and CHRNB2. European Journal of Medical Genetics - Elsevier. 2015, 58(11):624-8. PubMed ID: 26475232
   
   

   This article suggests seizures as part of the phenotypic spectrum of SLC20A2-related PFBC. However, the present phenotype may also result from additional genetic influence, such as the identified missense variant in CHRNB2.

3. Chen H.I., et al. Possible association of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene (CHRNA4 and CHRNB2) polymorphisms with nicotine dependence in Japanese males: an exploratory study. Pharmacopsychiatry. 2013, 46(2):77-82. PubMed ID: 23037950
   
   

   This article suggests that CHRNB2 rs4845652 T-allele carriers may be associated with lower levels of ND, and certain allelic combinations of CHRNA4 and CHRNB2 might be correlated with higher ND levels.

4. Labate A., et al. Hippocampal sclerosis worsens autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy (ADNFLE) phenotype related to CHRNB2 mutation. European Journal of Paediatric Neurology. 2013, 20(3):591-3. PubMed ID: 22897520
   
   

   This article reveals that hippocampal sclerosis has offered a fertile substrate for intractable ADNFLE to develop. The present findings also highlight the importance of acquired factors that are directly relevant to the epilepsy phenotype and its severity even in monogenic epilepsies.

5. Hoft N.R., et al. CHRNB2 promoter region: association with subjective effects to nicotine and gene expression differences. Genes Brain Behavior. 2011, 10(2):176-85. PubMed ID: 20854418
   
   

   This article suggests that variation in the promoter region of CHRNB2 gene may be important in mediating levels of expression of the β2 nicotinic receptor subunit, which may be associated with variation in subjective response to nicotine.

CHRNB2 Preparation Options

Membrane protein studies have developed greatly over the past few years. Based on our versatile Magic™ membrane protein production platform, we could offer a series of membrane protein preparation services for worldwide customers in reconstitution forms as well as multiple active formats. Aided by our versatile Magic™ anti-membrane protein antibody discovery platform, we also provide customized anti-CHRNB2 antibody development services.

• Magic™ Membrane Protein Production Platform
• Magic™ Anti-Membrane Protein Antibody Discovery Platform

During the past years, Creative Biolabs has successfully generated many functional membrane proteins for our global customers. We are happy to accelerate the development of our clients’ programs with our one-stop, custom-oriented service. For more detailed information, please feel free to contact us.

Reference

1. Oyrer J., et al. (2018). Ion channels in genetic epilepsy: from genes and mechanisms to disease-targeted therapies. Pharmacological Reviews. 70(1), 142-173.

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