Ascetic Cell-derived Exosomes (AEX)-based Vaccines

Exosome-based immunotherapy has been integrated into conventional treatments in a way which maximizes specific T cell activation and minimizes prevalent immunosuppressive influences of the tumor. Based on abundant experience and professional technical team, Creative Biolabs is committed to providing exosomes related services for global customers. Now, we are happy to introduce ascetic cell-derived exosomes (AEX)-based vaccines development to global clients.

Introduction of Ascetic Cell-derived Exosomes (AEX)

Ascites is initiated and maintained by physical and biological factors resulting from underlying disease and forms an ecosystem that contributes to disease progression. Cellular components of ascites communicate with each other through soluble factors, including cytokines, proteins, metabolites, and through the secretion and exchange of exosomes. Ascitic cell-derived exosomes (AEX) are exosomes isolated from an ascetic cell of patients with malignant cancer. They contain molecular signatures of donor cells and can circulate throughout the body, potentially transferring information between cells to alter gene expression in recipient cells. A multitude of pathways can be activated because of cellular interactions with exosomal molecules, including mRNAs, miRNAs, and proteins (e.g., heat shock proteins [HSPs] and adhesion molecules). Furthermore, studies have shown that exosomes contain diverse immunomodulatory markers and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA).

Fig.1 A summary of the roles of exosomes in ovarian cancer. (Li, 2017)

Application of Ascetic Cell-derived Exosomes (AEX)-based Vaccines

Depending on the cellular origin, exosomes contain various cellular proteins that may be different from proteins that are normally located in the plasma membrane including MHC molecules, tetraspanins, adhesion molecules, and metalloproteinases. Recent evidence suggests that the application of AEX could emerge as novel nanoscale immunotherapy treatments for cancer, by priming the body’s immune system to recognize and kill cancer cells. What’s more, a phase I colorectal cancer clinical trial of autologous AEX has been explored whereby 40 advanced stage patients were vaccinated subcutaneously once a week for a total of four weeks with AEX alone or in combination with recombinant GM-CSF. It suggests that AEX vaccination is feasible, safe and well tolerated.

In the past years, significant clinical advances have been made in the treatment of cancer through the immune system. As a new vaccine method for cancer immunotherapy, AEX shows great potential for the treatment of numerous tumors. The successful development of AEX-based vaccines will further expand the weaponry to battle cancer. In addition to the AEX-based vaccine, tumor cell-derived exosomes (TEX)-based cancer vaccines and dendritic cell-derived exosomes (DEX)-based vaccines have also been developed for immunotherapy. For more information, please feel free to contact us.

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