KCNB1 Membrane Protein Introduction

Introduction of KCNB1

KCNB1, also known as Kv2.1, is a member of the potassium channel, voltage-gated, shab-related subfamily. It is encoded by the KCNB1 gene and has 858 amino acid residues. The structure analysis of KCNB1 indicates that it has 6 transmembrane spanning regions labeled S1-S6, each with a tetrameric structure. The p-loop is created by S5 and S6. The S4 contains a voltage sensor. KCNB1 is expressed in the nervous system, heart, skeletal muscle, pulmonary arteries, and pancreas.

Basic Information of KCNB1
Protein Name	Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1
Gene Name	KCNB1
Aliases	DRK1, Kv2.1
Organism	Homo sapiens (Human)
UniProt ID	Q14721
Transmembrane Times	6
Length (aa)	858
Sequence	MPAGMTKHGSRSTSSLPPEPMEIVRSKACSRRVRLNVGGLAHEVLWRTLDRLPRTRLGKLRDCNTHDSLLEVCDDYSLDDNEYFFDRHPGAFTSILNFYRTGRLHMMEEMCALSFSQELDYWGIDEIYLESCCQARYHQKKEQMNEELKREAETLREREGEEFDNTCCAEKRKKLWDLLEKPNSSVAAKILAIISIMFIVLSTIALSLNTLPELQSLDEFGQSTDNPQLAHVEAVCIAWFTMEYLLRFLSSPKKWKFFKGPLNAIDLLAILPYYVTIFLTESNKSVLQFQNVRRVVQIFRIMRILRILKLARHSTGLQSLGFTLRRSYNELGLLILFLAMGIMIFSSLVFFAEKDEDDTKFKSIPASFWWATITMTTVGYGDIYPKTLLGKIVGGLCCIAGVLVIALPIPIIVNNFSEFYKEQKRQEKAIKRREALERAKRNGSIVSMNMKDAFARSIEMMDIVVEKNGENMGKKDKVQDNHLSPNKWKWTKRTLSETSSSKSFETKEQGSPEKARSSSSPQHLNVQQLEDMYNKMAKTQSQPILNTKESAAQSKPKEELEMESIPSPVAPLPTRTEGVIDMRSMSSIDSFISCATDFPEATRFSHSPLTSLPSKTGGSTAPEVGWRGALGASGGRFVEANPSPDASQHSSFFIESPKSSMKTNNPLKLRALKVNFMEGDPSPLLPVLGMYHDPLRNRGSAAAAVAGLECATLLDKAVLSPESSIYTTASAKTPPRSPEKHTAIAFNFEAGVHQYIDADTDDEGQLLYSVDSSPPKSLPGSTSPKFSTGTRSEKNHFESSPLPTSPKFLRQNCIYSTEALTGKGPSGQEKCKLENHISPDVRVLPGGGAHGSTRDQSI

Function of KCNB1 Membrane Protein

KCNB1 is a delayed rectifier voltage-gated potassium channel which plays an essential role in the falling phase of physiological action potentials. KCNB1 has been reported to exert an essential role in regulating neuronal membrane potential and in stimulation action potential production and firing. KCNB1 is involved in several physiological functions through regulation and propagation of potassium current. In the CNS neurons, KCNB1 regulates neuronal excitability, the duration of action potential, and tonic spiking through mediating delayed rectifier potassium current. In cardiomyocytes, KCNB1 may regulate the duration of both the action potential of cardiomyocytes and the QT interval of heart ventricular repolarization. The inhibition of KCNB1 in mouse ventricular cardiomyocytes causes prolonged action potentials and the QT interval. In human pancreatic beta cells, KCNB1 mediates the cells action potential through regulating potassium efflux thereby participating in the regulation of calcium influx and insulin secretion. Moreover, KCNB1 can promote neuronal cells apoptosis in response to the oxidative injury induced by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Fig.1 Schematic representation of potassium (K+) channel subunit. (Liu, 2014)

Application of KCNB1 Membrane Protein in Literature

Calhoun J.D., et al. Characterization of a KCNB1 variant associated with autism, intellectual disability, and epilepsy. Neurology Genetics. 2017, 3(6):e198. PubMed ID : 29264390

The study identifies a novel variant c.595A>Tin KCNB1 in a neurodevelopmental disorder including epilepsy. And the degree of KCNB1 protein dysfunction may affect the severity of the disease.
Latypova X., et al. Novel KCNB1 mutation associated with non-syndromic intellectual disability. Journal of Human Genetics. 2016, 62(5):569-573. PubMed ID: 27928161

The research identifies a novel de novo missense (c.1132G>C, p.V378L) mutation of KCNB1 in a patient with whole developmental delay, intellectual retardation, impaired language ability, but no performance of epilepsy until the age of 6 years old.
De Kovel C.G.F., et al. Neurodevelopmental disorders caused by de novo variants in KCNB1 genotypes and phenotypes. JAMA Neurology. 2017, 74(10):1228-1236. PubMed ID: 28806457

The study shows that the missense or loss-of-function variants in KCNB1 are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders with or without epilepsy.
Wei Y., et al. Oxidation of KCNB1 potassium channels triggers apoptotic integrin signaling in the brain. Cell Death & Disease. 2017, 8(4):e2737. PubMed ID: 28383553

The study shows that KCNB1 oxidation may contribute to integrin clustering, promoting the focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src/Fyn kinases recruitment and activation.
Wang H.Y., et al. Role of KCNB1 in the prognosis of gliomas and autophagy modulation. Scientific Reports. 2017, 7(1):14. PubMed ID: 28144039

The study reveals that KCNB1 can be regarded as a new glioma prognostic factor and it can suppress tumor via autophagy induction.

KCNB1 Preparation Options

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Reference

Liu W X, et al. (2014). Identifying the subfamilies of voltage-gated potassium channels using feature selection technique. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 15(7): 12940-51.

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