Other Viral Vectors
Since viral vectors have many advantages, it's necessary to improve the transfer efficiency of the therapeutic genes and test the safety of viral vectors for clinical application in humans. Apart from virus vectors which have approached testing in clinical trials, numerous other vectors are under development for gene therapy of infections, cancer and inherited human diseases. Creative Biolabs provides various virus vectors with proper modification for gene delivery in research and preclinical study.
Alphavirus Vector
Alphaviruses, which are ssRNA viruses that belong to the Togaviridae family, can be delivered in the form of naked RNA, layered plasmid DNA vectors and recombinant replication-deficient particles. In vivo studies have shown that alphaviruses as vaccine vectors have the ability to induce antigenic responses. Replication-deficient vectors, in particular the Sindbis virus (SIN), Semliki Forest virus (SFV) and Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis virus (VEE), are suitable for gene therapy to treat lung carcinoma, glioma and liver tumor.
Fig.1 Genome organization of alphavirus vector
Attractive Features
- Broad host range
- Extremely transient expression
- High virus titers
- Low immunogenicity
Flavivirus Vector
Flavivirus, which are ssRNA viruses that belong to the Flaviviridae family, are classified as arboviruses. A relatively broad host range and the transient expression characteristic make these viruses such as Kunjin viruses, West Nile viruses and dengue viruses act as vectors to delivery therapeutic genes for the treatment of colon carcinoma, melanoma tumor and lung metastasis.
Measles Virus Vector
The measles virus (MV) is an enveloped ssRNA virus that belongs to the genus Morbillivirus of the Paramyxoviridae family. Creative Biolabs constructs diverse MV genomes to reduce toxicity and promote retargeting to specific tissues.
Fig.2 Genome organization of Measles virus vector
Foamy virus Vector
The foamy virus (FV) is a unique retrovirus that belongs to the genus spumavirus. FV vectors are efficient gene delivery vehicles, including the prototypic foamy virus (PFV), simian foamy virus type 1 (SFV-1) and feline foamy virus (FFV). Here, Creative Biolabs provides second and third- generation FV vectors with high titer helper-free FV vector preparations to evaluate transduction.
Helper-dependent Adenoviral Vector
The helper-dependent adenoviral vector (HdAd), also called the "gutless" vector, is the last generation of adenovirus vector. The vector reduces toxicity and helps with prolonged gene expression of up to 32 kb of foreign DNA in host cells. The vector can be administered in different organs, including the liver, muscle and central nervous system.
Hybrid Adenoviral Vectors
Hybrid adenoviral vectors are made of the high transduction efficiency of a gene-deleted adenoviral vector and the long-term genome-integrating potential of adeno-associated and retroviruses viruses. The hybrid systems have the stable transduction ability, showing a great promise for gene therapy in preclinical application.
Fig.3 Viral vectors applied for gene therapy
Creative Biolabs has made many attempts to improve viral vector systems for future gene therapy. We provide most comprehensive and advanced viral vector delivery technologies to meet the worldwide clients' research demands. If you have any needs and questions, please feel free to contact us.
References
- Trobridge, G. D. (2009). Foamy virus vectors for gene transfer. Expert opinion on biological therapy, 9 (11), 1427-1436.
- Kenneth Lundstrom. (2018). Viral Vectors in Gene Therapy. Diseases, 6(2): 42.
