During the acute phase of infection, Pseudomonas aeruginosa translocates cytotoxins into the cytoplasm of host cells by type III secretion system (T3SS). The protein PcrV, typically positioned at the apex of the T3SS, is capable of constructing pores in the membrane of host cells, which precipitate the invasion by cytotoxins.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa generates biofilm-encased communities to evade the penetration of immune components or antibiotics. The extracellular polysaccharide Psl is identified as one of the primary biofilm matrix substances produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The Psl also serves as a signaling molecule, stimulating the production of other biofilm components.
PcrV is perceived as a pivotal element in subverting the host immune defense system, while the Psl acts as a prominent constituent of the biofilm. Thus, both are deemed potential therapeutic targets for the intervention of infections instigated by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Fig.1 Type III secretion system and PcrV.1
Reference
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