Creative Biolabs is a leading service provider that focuses on polyclonal, monoclonal, and recombinant antibody development for research, diagnosis, and potential therapeutics. Based on our extensive experience and state-of-the-art platforms, Creative Biolabs now offers a series of biomarker-specific IVD (in vitro diagnostic) antibody development services to clients globally. Especially, we introduce our IVD antibody development services for growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11) marker. We are confident that our commitment to science and research will enable us to offer you the best products and services.
Growth Differentiation Factor 11 (GDF-11) or Bone Morphogenetic Protein 11 (BMP-11) is the protein member of BMP/Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) family that is globally secreted in several species such as humans, mice, rats, etc. In humans, the GDF 11 is encoded by its gene located on the long arm of chromosome 12 (band 13.2) and expressed in nearly all major organs and tissues. The prepropeptide encoded by GDF-11 is 407 amino acid (aa) including a signal sequence for secretion and an RXXR proteolytic processing site to produce a 109 aa residue carboxy-terminal mature protein. The mature GDF-11 has the canonical 7-cysteine motif that is common to other TGF-β superfamily members. However, like the TGF-betas, Activins, and GDF-8, GDF-11 also contains one extra pair of cysteine residues.
Fig. 1. A schematic of extracellular, membrane-bound, and intracellular regulation of GDF 11 and the various inhibitors of GDF 11. SMURF – SMAD Specific E3 Ubiquitin Protein Ligase. (Jamaiyar, A., 2017)
The Role of GDF-11 in Tissues or Organs
It has been reported that GDF-11 plays a pivotal role in controlling the formation of skeletal. Knockout of GDF-11 function could result in abnormal patterning of the anterior/posterior axial skeleton. In neurogenesis, GDF-11 gets expressed for a brief period of time during the development of spinal cord and contributes to the formation of neurons and glia. In retinal development, GDF-11 negatively regulates the number of neurons in the retina and works for controlling the time period when multipotent progenitor cells are developed into various cell types including retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and some inhibitory neurons termed amacrine cells. The GDF-11 also plays an essential role in the pancreatic development. In addition, the vital role of GDF-11 in the reversal of age-related decline of skeletal muscle, cardiac hypertrophy, olfaction and neural stem cell proliferation has been reported recently.
GDF 11 as a Novel Diagnostic Biomarker
GDF-11 has the potential to work as a biomarker for cardiovascular disease and/or life-span via utilizing serum/plasma levels of the protein since GDF-11 is a circulating protein in mammals. Many studies design to merge a large sample size with efficient use of statistical analysis for exploring if relevance exists between the GDF-11 levels and the indicators of health, aging and a spectrum of pathological heart disorders. Regarding the oncology, circulating proteins can also serve as novel diagnostic markers for numerous cancers as it is reported that GDF-11 mRNA has a significantly higher expression in tumor tissue than in normal tissue. Furthermore, in uremic patients, there is also a significantly higher GDF-11 level than those in age-matched healthy controls.
IVD antibodies have been commonly used in immunodiagnostic kits for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Creative Biolabs has built a versatile IVD platform to provide custom biomarker-specific IVD antibody development services to global clients. Along with over a decade of rich experience in providing excellent custom services for IVD antibody discovery, our services can totally meet your special requirements. In addition, Creative Biolabs provides one-stop diagnostic immunoassay development services, including feasibility analysis, assay design, assay protocol establishment, validation, and production. If you are interested in our services, please do not hesitate to contact us for more details.
Reference
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