MYH9 and Associated Diseases
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Overview of MYH9
In humans, myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9, also known as myosin-9 and non-muscle myosin heavy chain IIa) is a protein encoded by the MYH9 gene located on chromosome 22q12.3. MYH9 participates in a variety of cellular processes such as cell migration, adhesion, maintenance of cell shape, and signal transduction in most cells and tissues. In keeping with its wide expression in cells and tissues, the promoter of MYH9 has high GC content and multiple GC boxes but no TATA box, which is a typical characteristic of housekeeping genes. MYH9 is a well-conserved gene during evolution.
MYH9 in Disease
Diseases associated with MYH9 include epithelial ovarian cancer, MYH9-related disease, and so on.
- MYH9-related disease
Point mutations in MYH9 underlie autosomal dominant syndromes in humans. Most patients have the tendency to mild bleeding, with abnormalities manifest such as macrothrombocytopenia, progressive proteinuric renal disease, and so on. These syndromes all are referred to MYH9-related diseases (MYH9-RDs). In the mouse models, knock-in of R702C, D1424N, and E1841K, three of the most frequent mutations found in human patients, results in the occurrence of MYH9-RDs similar to humans such as disrupted proplatelet formation, macrothrombocytopenia with prolonged bleeding times, kidney abnormalities, et cetera. MYH9-RDs mouse model provides a good tool for disease research.
- Epithelial ovarian cancer
MYH9 can be a useful prognostic marker in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). EOC results in more than 90% of all types of ovarian cancer. According to the immunohistochemical analysis, upregulated MYH9 is observed in EOC tissues instead of para-tumor tissues. Besides, increasing MYH9 protein expression predicts poor overall survival and disease progression-free survival rates in EOC patients. Based on univariate Cox analysis and multivariate Cox regression analysis, MYH9 expression can be regarded as an independent prognostic factor. Overexpression of MYH9 is associated with the poor prognosis of EOC, such as lymph node metastasis, intraperitoneal metastasis, intraperitoneal recurrence, and residual tumor size.
Fig.1 MYH9 overexpression is associated with poor survival rates in EOC patients. (Liu, 2019)
With advanced technologies and platforms in the field of gene therapy, Creative Biolabs is a trusted biotechnology company. Please feel free to contact us for more details about your MYH9 project, our well-trained and excellent scientists do help.
References
- Zhang, Y.; et al. Mouse models of MYH9-related disease: mutations in nonmuscle myosin II-A. Blood. 2012, 119: 238–250.
- Liu, L.; et al. MYH9 overexpression correlates with clinicopathological parameters and poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncol Lett. 2019.
