ILF3 and Associated Diseases
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Overview of ILF3
In humans, interleukin enhancer-binding factor 3 (ILF3, also known as NF90) is a protein encoded by the ILF3 gene. The encoding product of ILF3 is an RNA binding protein, which can form complexes to stabilize mRNA or regulate gene expression with other proteins, mRNA, double-stranded RNA, and small noncoding RNA. The complexes can also adjust the distribution of nuclear mRNA to the cytoplasm. Knockdown of ILF3 will slow the cell growth possibly by the reduced stability of mRNA. Besides, as the RNA binding protein, ILF3 also plays an essential role in the formation of circular RNA produced by the back-splicing of mRNA precursors.
ILF3 in Disease
ILF3-associated diseases include cardiac ischemia and neurodegeneration, both of them are resulting from inadequate angiogenesis. ILF3 is also involved in cancers such as childhood endodermal sinus tumors and gastric cancer.
- Inadequate angiogenesis
ILF3 promotes angiogenesis by stabilizing the proangiogenic transcripts. The expression of ILF3 is found in the CD31+ capillaries of hypoxic cardiac tissue and the addition of proangiogenic stimuli will induce the expression of ILF3 in cultured human coronary artery endothelial cells (hCAECs). Knockdown of ILF3 by siRNA will reduce the proliferation, migration, and tube formation in cultured hCAECs, whereas overexpression of ILF3 will reverse this situation. When knockdown of ILF3 occurs, the expression of angiogenic factors such as VEGF is downregulated, too. According to the consequence of RNA immunoprecipitation, ILF3 will bind the adenine and uridine–rich region of the proangiogenic transcripts, which means ILF3 can stabilize proangiogenic transcripts.
- Gastric cancer
ILF3 is related to the deterioration of gastric cancer (GC). Comparing the expression of ILF3 in GC tissues and adjacent mucosa, GC tissues contain more positive signals of ILF3 than adjacent mucosa verified by immunohistochemistry. Upregulated expression of ILF3 is also found in human GC cell lines, reduced cell viability and increased proportion of cells in the G0/G1 phase can be observed when ILF3 is inhibited in human GC cell lines. Besides, upregulated expression of ILF3 is associated with a poor prognosis in GC patients and can be regarded as an independent risk factor for GC.
Fig.1 Upregulated expression of ILF3 is found in human GC cell lines compared with the gastric epithelial cell line GES‑1. (Liu, 2019)
As a frontier biotechnology service provider, Creative Biolabs can provide one-stop and detailed services of gene therapy for our clients. All of the well-designed strategies are conducted by our experienced technicians. Please feel free to contact us for more about your ILF3 project.
References
- Vrakas, C. N.; et al. RNA stability protein ILF3 mediates cytokine‐induced angiogenesis. FASEB j. 2019, 33: 3304–3316.
- Liu, Y.; et al. ILF3 promotes gastric cancer proliferation and may be used as a prognostic marker. Mol Med Report. 2019.
