PRKCB and Associated Diseases
Creative Biolabs is a world-leading CRO and recognized expert in the gene therapy field. Over 10 years of market experience and a state-of-the-art platform ensure the highest quality service for customers in the life science industry. Here, we share cutting-edge knowledge in the field of gene therapy, such as a brief introduction to the protein kinase C beta (PRKCB) gene.
Overview of PRKCB
PRKCB is a member of the protein kinase C (PKC) family encoded by the PRKCB1 or PRKCB2 genes. PRKCB is a serine/threonine protein kinase that functions as a crucial regulator in diverse cellular processes such as B cell activation, androgen receptor-dependent transcriptional regulation, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, insulin signaling as well as endothelial cell proliferation. In addition, PRKCB also acts as a crucial regulator in energy homeostasis by regulating mitochondrial function, and it is involved in the regulation of autophagy through the mitochondrial axis. Remarkably, the findings in mice revealed the involvement of PRKCB in modulating neuronal function and impact on fear-induced conflict behavior following stress.
PRKCB and Associated Diseases
- Alzheimer's disease (AD)
The potential role of PRKCB in the pathogenesis of AD has been widely concerned. Studies have shown that the low expression of PRKCB is of great significance in the pathogenesis of AD, which may be related to gap junction, Fc gamma receptor (FcγR)-mediated phagocytosis, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways.
- Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL)
ATLL is a complex, refractory T-cell neoplasm. Genome analysis revealed several genes associated with prognosis. In ATLL, PRKCB mutations recur within the highly conserved kinase domain, with a prominent hotspot at D427. PRKCB mutated in these somatic alterations was reported to be an independent poor prognosis predictor in aggressive ATLL.
Fig.1 PKC and tumor. (Antal, 2015)
- Other diseases
Besides AD and ATLL, PRKCB is also closely associated with diabetic macular edema and macular retinal edema. It is noteworthy that genetic polymorphisms in PRKCB have been implicated in various pathophysiological conditions, including end-stage renal disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, vasoconstriction, depression and anxiety symptoms in specific circumstances.
PRKCB Related Pathways in ATLL
Bioinformatic analysis revealed that PRKCB was closely related to the chemokine signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity signaling pathway. Furthermore, PRKCB mutations are extremely abundant in the NF-κB signaling pathway, suggesting that this pathway plays a crucial role in the transformation of ATLL.
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Reference
- Antal, C.E.; et al. Cancer-associated protein kinase C mutations reveal kinase’s role as tumor suppressor. Cell. 2015, 160(3): 489-502.
