Complement is an essential defense line in our immune system. As an advanced leader in drug discovery, Creative Biolabs is dedicated to providing the most diverse portfolio of standard or custom therapeutic antibody development services. Aided by our versatile drug discovery platform, we can offer high-quality products and valuable suggestions to promote your specific projects. Based on the complement system, we have successfully developed a series of innovative and effective therapeutic antibodies for related diseases.
Introduction of CD46 (MCP)
CD46, also known as membrane cofactor protein (MCP), is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein, which in humans is encoded by the CD46 gene. CD46 is widely expressed in host tissue, such as brain, kidney, skin, reproductive, eye, thyroid, liver and synovium, where it acts as an inhibitory complement receptor to play the critical role in self-protection from the destructive action of autologous complement. Now, it has become an important target for therapeutic antibody exploration.
Structure of CD46 (MCP)
Similar to CD55, CD46 also contains four short consensus repeat (SCR) domains, also called CCP modules in the extracellular part, followed by a region rich in serine, threonine, and proline (STP region) with three potential glycosylation sites. It is documented that SCR2, SCR3, and SCR4 are necessary for C3b/C4b binding, whereas SCR1 and SCR2 are necessary for measles virus binding. Two differently glycosylated forms of MCP (58-68 kDa and 48-56 kDa) have been reported, and both contain O- and N-linked carbohydrate side chains with the larger form being more heavily sialylated.
Fig.1 The Structure of the CD46 protein. (Reynaud, 2013)
Functions of CD46 (MCP)
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Regulator of Complement Activation
CD46 primarily functions as a cofactor for complement factor I in mediating cleavage of C3b. Also, it participates in the cleavage of C4b, resulting in the formation of C4c and C4d. It is notable that MCP preferentially inactivates the convertase of the alternative pathway.
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Entry Receptor for Pathogens
Identified as a receptor for measles virus, CD46 can bind to human herpesvirus 6, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitides bacteria, and the M protein of Streptococcus.
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Human T Cell Immunity
Researches have revealed that CD46 can regulate the adaptive immune response, acting as an additional costimulatory molecule for human T cells, controlling T cell activation, and inducing their differentiation into Tr1 cells.
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Signal Transduction
CD46 can mediate intracellular signal transduction, such as calcium flux, NO production, and phosphorylation by cross-linking with antibodies or binding of natural ligands at the surface of several cell types.
Because of the importance in the regulation of complement activation, control of pathogens entry and activation of T Cell Immunity, CD46 has become a promising target for therapeutic antibody exploration and clinical trial. Creative Biolabs combines our advanced technologies and long-term scientific expertise to offer a full range of formulation development services for complement drug products.
Why Choose Us?
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Industry Leadership
Our expertise in biopharma research and scalable formulation is benefic for your medical projects and drug development.
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Professional Scientists
Our scientists are specialized in the regulatory knowledge and scientific applications specific to drug discovery.
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Abundant Experience
With decades of experience, we can tailor processes to your program while maintaining scientific integrity and compliance to regulatory requirements.
For more infomation about our drug development services, Please contact us for more information.
Reference
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Reynaud, Joséphine M., and Branka Horvat. "Animal models for human herpesvirus 6 infection." Frontiers in microbiology 4 (2013): 174.
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Questions & Answer
A: CD46 drug development can involve various approaches, such as monoclonal antibody development, small molecule inhibitors, and gene therapy. The choice of approach depends on the specific therapeutic goals and disease context.
A: Assays for CD46 drug development may include functional assays to assess complement regulation, binding assays to measure antibody-antigen interactions, and cell-based assays to evaluate drug candidates' effects on complement-mediated cytotoxicity.
A: Specificity is crucial, and researchers use various methods like ELISA, flow cytometry, and Western blotting to confirm the binding of the drug to CD46. Additionally, cell-based assays and complement functional assays can be applied to assess the functional effects of drugs on the complement system.
For Research Use Only.
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