Creative Biolabs is a leading global biotechnology company that develops and offers advanced complement autoantibody test. We are committed to providing our clients with comprehensive autoantibody test services to meet the significant unmet need for accurate and timely diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of complement-related disease.
Background of Complement Autoantibody
The complement system represents a major component of innate immune defense and plays an important role in the host’s defense against pathogens. Although the physiological contribution of the complement system is beneficial, it can cause tissue damage when inappropriately activated or when it is a target inducing autoantibody response. Autoantibodies directed against a variety of individual complement components, convertases, and regulators have been described, including C1q or C1 inhibitor (C1-INH) autoantibodies, factor H/B (FH/FB) autoantibodies and C3 nephritic factors (C3Nefs). These autoantibodies bind to host proteins and alter the function of their target proteins, interfering with complement regulation to cause autoimmune and renal disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) and C3 glomerulopathy (C3G) and so on.
The Complement Autoantibody Test
Since complement autoantibodies are closely associated with many diseases, complement autoantibody tests are very useful tools for the diagnosis, assessment and monitoring of disease activity, differential diagnosis of clinical manifestations, and development of disease-targeted therapies. When testing for complement autoantibodies, most assays are designed to detect only IgG autoantibodies, but there is evidence in some diseases that IgM and even IgA autoantibodies may also have roles. Currently, the most studied complement autoantibodies include C1q, C1-INH, C3, FH/FB autoantibodies and C3Nefs. Most of these complement autoantibody assays are based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while the rest can be detected by other methods, such as immunofixation electrophoresis and hemolytic assays.
C1q, C1-INH, C3, FH/FB autoantibodies test
ELISA is an immunometric method for detecting and measuring specific antibodies. Autoantibodies to C1q, C1-INH, C3, FH/FB are usually measured by ELISA with purified protein antigen immobilized on the microtiter plate. The basic components of this method include substrates for immobilized antigens (usually 96-well microplates), patient serum, washing solutions, and a detection method in which an enzyme is linked to an antibody that detects the antigen. In a typical double antibody sandwich ELISA, antibodies attached to the bottom of the well provide antigen capture and immune specificity, while another antibody linked to the enzyme provides detection and acts as an amplification factor. This allows for accurate and sensitive detection of targets of interest.
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C3Nefs test
C3Nefs are IgG and IgM autoantibodies that bind directly to C3 convertase (C3bBb) of the alternative pathway. C3NeFs can be measured by stabilization of the alternative pathway convertase C3bBb. The gold standard laboratory method is a hemolytic assay that measures whether patient-purified IgGs can stabilize preformed membrane-bound C3 convertase. Another viable method uses immunofixation electrophoresis-based detection, which infers the presence of C3 convertase stabilizing molecules when C3 breakdown products are detected in serum.
Our Services of Autoantibody Test
Creative Biolabs has a variety of mature technology platforms for testing autoantibodies. Our experienced experts are able to provide high-quality diagnostic testing services and reliable detailed results analysis in a short period of time to help customers accelerate their project progress. Creative Biolabs performs a comprehensive range of autoantibody tests, including:
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Anti-C1q Autoantibody Test
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Anti-C3 Autoantibodies Test
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C1 Inhibitor Autoantibody Test
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C3 Nephritic Factors (C3Nefs) Test
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Anti-factor H Autoantibody Test
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Anti-factor B Autoantibody Test
For assistance with diagnostic tests of the complement's autoantibodies or complement associated result interpretation, please feel free to contact us.
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Questions & Answer
A: Autoantibodies are a type of antibody produced by the immune system against one or more of an individual's own antigens. The complement system is a major component of our innate immune defense. Autoantibodies directed against multiple complement components are called complement autoantibodies.
A: Abnormal complement system function has been identified as a direct or indirect pathophysiological mechanism for many diseases and pathological conditions, such as infections, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory conditions, malignancies, and allogeneic transplants. Autoantibodies against complement components often interfere with complement regulation, causing an abnormal complement system. Therefore, complement autoantibody testing can help diagnose these diseases, assess the severity of the condition, monitor the effectiveness of treatment, and develop disease-targeted therapies.
A: Autoantibodies can activate the complement system, which mediates tissue damage and triggers systemic inflammation. Therefore, they may be associated with many different autoimmune diseases. Examples include systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV), and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). An association between anti-C1q autoantibodies and disease activity in lupus nephritis has been found. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) activate complement to produce C5a and thus assist in the pathogenesis of APS-related clinical events.
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