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SLC15A4

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Solute carrier family 15 member 4 (SLC15A4, also named peptide/histidine transporter 1 (PHT1)) is an endolysosomal integral membrane proton-coupled oligopeptide transporter encoded by the SLC15A4 gene. It is preferentially expressed in hematopoietic and myeloid immune cells including dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes and plasmacytoid DCs, and localizes exclusively to late endosome and lysosomal limiting membranes. Distinct from plasma membrane SLC15 paralogs, SLC15A4 utilizes luminal acidic proton gradients to import dipeptides, tripeptides and free histidine from endolysosomal lumen into the cytosol, supporting basal lysosomal amino acid recycling under resting immune conditions.

Beyond nutrient salvage, SLC15A4 carries unique immune regulatory functions independent of direct TLR ligand transport. It recruits the adaptor protein TASL (CXorf21) to endolysosomal membranes to facilitate downstream IRF5 activation upon TLR7/8/9 nucleic acid sensing; it does not deliver peptide cargo to TLR complexes directly. Its immune effect varies by cell type and pathogen stimulus, and cannot be fully substituted by other lysosomal transporters. As an endolysosomal solute carrier relying on vacuolar ATPase pH gradients, its transmembrane pockets specifically bind short di/tripeptides rather than single amino acids, linking lysosomal peptide recycling and TASL-dependent immune signal coordination. Loss or impaired SLC15A4 function attenuates TLR-dependent type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, weakening host anti-pathogen responses, while sustained overexpression drives excessive chronic inflammatory signaling. Deficient SLC15A4 disrupts both intracellular amino acid turnover and endosomal innate immune signal coordination, making it a valuable research target for endolysosomal transport biology and innate immune regulatory mechanism research.

Fig.1 SLC15A4 metabolic & immune pathway schematic for transporter functional assay, cell imaging and inflammation phenotype testing. (OA Literature)Fig.1 SLC15A4 mediates mTOR nutrient sensing and TASL‑IRF5 immune signaling, with supporting imaging and pathway enrichment data.1

SLC15A4 Protein Function: Core Roles in Lysosomal Peptide Import and TLR Innate Immune Tuning

The biological functions of SLC15A4 are focused on proton-coupled oligopeptide transport, endolysosomal immune signal scaffolding and myeloid inflammatory signal control:

  • Proton-Driven Peptide Uptake: Transports dipeptide and tripeptide degradation fragments from the endolysosomal lumen to the cytosol.
  • Histidine Import: Mediates cytosolic uptake of free histidine to maintain lysosomal amino acid balance.
  • TLR Signaling Scaffolding: Recruits TASL adaptor to endolysosomal membranes to support IRF5 activation downstream of TLR7/8/9, without direct delivery of peptide ligands to TLR receptors.
  • Lysosomal Nutrient Recycling: Recycles protein breakdown fragments to replenish cytoplasmic amino acid pools for basal cell metabolism.
  • Innate Immune Modulation: Regulates the intensity of type I interferon and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion triggered by microbial stimulation.
  • Disease Relevance: SLC15A4 deficiency weakens host anti-pathogen defense, while sustained overactivity contributes to chronic inflammatory pathologies.

SLC15A4 Membrane Protein Product List

Creative Biolabs offers high-quality SLC15A4 proteins through optimized expression systems. These products retain native conformational characteristics and proton-gradient dependent peptide transport biological activity, suitable for endolysosomal solute interaction assays and innate immune modulator screening. All SLC15A4 proteins undergo strict quality control to ensure consistent performance and reliable application across diverse research platforms.

SLC15A4 Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

SLC15A4 Stable Cell Line Product List

Creative Biolabs provides custom-engineered SLC15A4 stable cell lines, including overexpression and blank control models. These cell lines are optimized for lysosomal peptide transport profiling and TLR immune signal functional analysis. Each cell line undergoes stringent validation to ensure stable expression profiles and consistent functional performance in diverse experimental contexts.

SLC15A4 Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

SLC15A4 Recombinant Antibody Product List

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting SLC15A4 are developed via advanced antibody engineering technologies, with no cross-reactivity with other SLC15 family peptide transporters. These antibodies are validated for late endosome/lysosome subcellular localization detection and myeloid tissue expression profiling, and can be combined with TLR7/TLR9 detection reagents to analyze complete endosomal immune sensing transport complexes in inflammatory cell models.

SLC15A4 Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native Peptide Transport Activity: Preserves intact proton-gradient coupled oligopeptide uptake capacity for lysosomal immune transport research.
  • SLC15 Isoform Specificity: Eliminates non-specific cross-recognition of SLC15A1/2/3 transporters.
  • Innate Immunology Compatibility: Optimized reagent series for TLR signaling and inflammatory phenotype research workflows.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Facilitates end-to-end development of customized proteins, antibodies and stable cell lines to address endolysosomal solute transport research demands.

Custom SLC15A4 Membrane Protein and Antibody Discovery Services

Beyond our catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for membrane protein and antibody discovery & development. Leveraging our extensive expertise and state-of-the-art platforms, we can assist you with:

  • Custom SLC15A4 Protein Production: Tailored expression of mutant and tagged SLC15A4 constructs for peptide substrate binding transport analysis.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of SLC15A4-specific antibodies for lysosomal membrane immunostaining in myeloid cells.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Construction of SLC15A4-modified cell models for TLR innate immune signaling research.
  • Functional Assay Development: Custom design of lysosomal peptide uptake and interferon secretion detection workflows.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of SLC15A4?

    SLC15A4 (PHT1) is an endolysosomal proton-coupled transporter that moves dipeptides, tripeptides and free histidine from endolysosomal lumen into cytosol for nutrient recycling. It also acts as a membrane scaffold to recruit TASL adaptor protein, supporting TLR7/8/9 downstream IRF5 immune signaling without transporting peptide ligands to TLR receptors.

  2. Why is SLC15A4 a significant research target?

    SLC15A4 acts as a critical link between lysosomal degradation and pathogen immune sensing, governing host anti-infection and inflammatory responses.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' SLC15A4 products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all SLC15A4 products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of SLC15A4 products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include lysosomal SLC15A4 transporter proteins, isoform-specific detection antibodies and custom stable cell lines for innate immune transport research.

  5. How are SLC15A4 proteins validated for activity?

    SLC15A4 proteins are validated via proton-gradient dependent dipeptide uptake functional testing.

Reference
  1. Kobayashi, Toshihiko, and Noriko Toyama-Sorimachi. "Metabolic control from the endolysosome: lysosome-resident amino acid transporters open novel therapeutic possibilities." Frontiers in immunology 14 (2023): 1243104. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1243104
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