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CACNA1S

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All listed services and products are For Research Use Only. Do Not use in any diagnostic or therapeutic applications.

Background

Calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S (CACNA1S) is a multi-pass transmembrane channel protein encoded by the CACNA1S gene, serving as the core pore-forming alpha1 subunit of skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium channel complexes (CaV1.1). Structurally, CACNA1S consists of four homologous transmembrane repeat domains containing transmembrane S4 voltage-sensing segments and cytoplasmic coupling loops. CACNA1S is predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle, where it acts as a primary voltage sensor in excitation-contraction coupling. Upon membrane depolarization, conformational changes in the S4 segments drive direct mechanical interaction with ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1), triggering calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to initiate muscle contraction.

CACNA1S exerts its biological effects through heteromeric assembly with auxiliary calcium channel subunits within sarcolemmal membranes, a mechanism that modulates voltage-dependent calcium permeation stability and intracellular myogenic signal cascade activation efficiency. Unlike auxiliary regulatory channel subunits, CACNA1S cannot mediate depolarization-triggered calcium flux without complete channel complex formation and relies on inter-subunit assembly to initiate full contraction signal output; it recruits cytoplasmic signal mediators to assembled channel complexes, uncoupling membrane voltage sensing from intracellular contractile transcription factor activation and sustaining persistent myogenic response signals. This dual regulation modulates the intensity of depolarization-induced muscle contractile responses after electrical stimulation, fine-tuning local myocyte contraction and muscle remodeling mediator secretion levels, while sustained abnormal CACNA1S-mediated cation conduction drives dysregulated muscle excitation and degenerative myopathic lesions. CACNA1S participates in key physiological and pathological processes including sarcolemmal voltage sensing, excitation-contraction coupling, myofiber remodeling and chronic skeletal muscle degenerative disorders. Dysregulation of CACNA1S expression or channel permeation capacity is closely associated with impaired muscle contractile function and disrupted myofiber homeostasis, making CACNA1S a crucial research target for voltage-gated calcium channel signaling, skeletal muscle transduction and myopathy research.

Fig. 1 CACNA1S gene-protein topology and disease-related mutation hotspots. (OA Literature)Fig. 1 Genomic structure and four-domain transmembrane topology of CACNA1S, with annotated pathogenic mutation sites graded by clinical severity of skeletal muscle channelopathies.1

CACNA1S Protein Function: Core Roles in Skeletal Muscle Calcium Channel Assembly and Myogenic Homeostasis

The biological functions of CACNA1S are focused on voltage-gated calcium channel heteromerization, excitation-contraction signal propagation and skeletal muscle balance:

  • Calcium Channel Pore Modulation: Assembles with auxiliary channel subunits on sarcolemmal membranes to stabilize voltage-dependent calcium gradients and amplify downstream myogenic contractile signal activity, the primary molecular mechanism of CACNA1S-mediated regulation.
  • Excitation Signal Amplification: Recruits cytoplasmic signaling kinases to trigger muscle contractile transcription factor activation, fine-tuning myofiber response dynamics under membrane depolarization.
  • Myofiber Remodeling Mediation: Supports sustained secretion of muscle remodeling mediators to coordinate local skeletal tissue repair reactions.
  • Muscle Contractile Surveillance: Strengthens voltage-triggered calcium channel signaling to maintain balanced myofiber contraction control.
  • Disease Relevance: Abnormal CACNA1S expression is closely related to dysregulated calcium flux and chronic degenerative myopathic pathologies, making it a key target for skeletal muscle calcium channel signaling research.

CACNA1S Protein Product

Creative Biolabs offers high-purity CACNA1S proteins through optimized heterologous expression systems. These products retain native conformational characteristics and auxiliary calcium channel subunit heteromeric binding activity, suitable for skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium signaling research, membrane channel complex interaction detection, and small molecule myoprotective compound screening for myopathic disorder research. All CACNA1S proteins undergo strict quality control, including purity analysis and biological activity validation to ensure biological function.

CACNA1S Protein Product

Not finding the membrane protein product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

CACNA1S Stable Cell Line Product

Creative Biolabs provides custom-engineered CACNA1S stable cell lines, including overexpressing and knockdown models in striated muscle and myogenic progenitor cell models. These cell lines are optimized for studying CACNA1S-mediated calcium channel heteromer assembly mechanisms, voltage-dependent myogenic signal cascade dynamics, and myoprotective compound sensitivity. Each cell line undergoes stringent validation, including stable expression detection and functional integrity verification.

CACNA1S Stable Cell Line Product

Not finding the stable cell line product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

CACNA1S Recombinant Antibody Product

High-specificity recombinant antibodies targeting CACNA1S are developed via advanced antibody engineering technologies, with no cross-reactivity with other voltage-gated calcium channel alpha subunits. These antibodies are validated for multiple applications, including immunofluorescence for CACNA1S sarcolemmal membrane localization, Western blot for expression analysis, and co-immunoprecipitation for CACNA1S-auxiliary channel complex research, enabling precise analysis of CACNA1S expression, subcellular localization and functional regulation.

CACNA1S Recombinant Antibody Product

Not finding the recombinant antibody product you need? Contact us to start your one-stop custom service!

Product Features

  • Native Calcium Channel Heteromeric Binding Activity: Retains conformational characteristics and specific auxiliary subunit assembly ability, accurately simulating endogenous skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium transport and excitation-contraction signal regulation processes.
  • Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel Specificity: Validated for selective binding to CACNA1S structural epitopes with no cross-reactivity with other calcium channel alpha subunits, supporting specific myogenic calcium signaling research.
  • Myopathy Research Compatibility: Optimized for striated muscle and myogenic progenitor cell research systems, providing reliable tools for myoprotective modulator development and mechanism exploration.
  • Comprehensive Customization Support: Enables end-to-end development of tailored CACNA1S proteins, antibodies, and stable cell lines to meet diverse skeletal muscle calcium channel and myopathic disease research needs.

Custom CACNA1S Research Services

Beyond catalog products, Creative Biolabs offers specialized custom services for CACNA1S research:

  • Custom CACNA1S Protein Production: Tailored expression of CACNA1S variants, including channel-defective mutants, tagged proteins, and fusion proteins with other muscle contractile signaling mediators.
  • Custom Antibody Development: Generation of CACNA1S-specific antibodies for localization assays and CACNA1S-channel complex analysis, as well as functional blocking assays for CACNA1S research.
  • Stable Cell Line Engineering: Custom CACNA1S-expressing striated muscle and myogenic progenitor cell lines and voltage-sensitive calcium signal reporter cell lines, with functional validation of channel heteromer formation and contractile signal output.
  • Functional Assay Development: Design of CACNA1S-mediated voltage-dependent cation transport assays, excitation-contraction signal activity analysis assays, and myoprotective small molecule screening assays.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

  1. What is the primary function of CACNA1S?

    CACNA1S is the core alpha pore-forming subunit of skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium channels that forms heteromeric complexes with auxiliary subunits to modulate depolarization-triggered calcium influx amplitude, balance myofiber contractile response dynamics, and mediate excitation-contraction coupling under membrane electrical stimulation.

  2. Why is CACNA1S a significant research target?

    CACNA1S is a core regulator of skeletal muscle voltage-gated calcium signaling and myofiber homeostasis, and its dysregulation is associated with unregulated calcium overload and chronic degenerative myopathic lesions. It is a critical target for muscle calcium channel and myopathy research.

  3. Are Creative Biolabs' CACNA1S products suitable for clinical use?

    No, all CACNA1S products and services are strictly for research use only, not intended for clinical diagnosis or treatment.

  4. What types of CACNA1S products does Creative Biolabs offer?

    Offerings include CACNA1S proteins (full-length, voltage-sensing domain variants), specific recombinant antibodies, and custom stable myogenic cell lines, supporting skeletal muscle calcium channel and myopathic disorder research.

  5. How are CACNA1S proteins validated for activity?

    CACNA1S proteins are validated by calcium channel auxiliary subunit heteromer binding assays and myogenic contractile signal regulation verification to ensure native regulatory function in skeletal muscle research.

Reference
  1. Marinella, Gemma, et al. "Congenital myopathy as a phenotypic expression of CACNA1S gene mutation: case report and systematic review of the literature." Genes 14.7 (2023): 1363. Under Open Access license CC BY 4.0, without modification. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14071363
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