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Complement Therapeutic Target C8G
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the lipocalin family. It is one of the three subunits that constitutes complement component 8 (C8). C8 is a plasma glycoprotein, which consists of a disulfide-linked C8 alpha-gamma heterodimer and a non-covalently associated C8 beta chain. C8 participates in the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC) on bacterial cell membranes.
Subunits C8A and C8B play a role in complement-mediated bacterial lysis, the exact function of C8G still remains undefined. It is well known that the gamma subunit is not related to any other complement protein but a member of the lipocalins. Among the lipocalins, it is exceptional because it is one of the few that forms a covalent complex with another protein. C8G is not required for the bactericidal activity. However, the deficiency of C8G usually leads to acute Salpingo-Oophoritis.
Fig. 1 C8G is a component of MAC.1
Function
The complement system provokes inflammation and eliminates pathogens by attacks their cell membrane through the membrane attack complex (MAC). MAC is a complex of several complement components, C5, C6, C7, C8, and C9. Among all the subunits of MAC, C8 initiates the membrane penetration and coordinates MAC pore formation.
A number of research reports revealed that C8 is a heterotrimer which consists of C8A, C8B, and C8G. Unlike C8A and C8B, no ligand for C8G has been identified. Besides, C8G is not absolutely required for the expression of C8 hemolytic activity. A role for C8G in the biosynthesis of C8 has been suggested. The C8A is presumably inserted in the membrane bilayer when the MAC is exerting anti-bacterial effects. The C8G is proposed to bind to such a site on C8A and thereby shield it from premature membrane interactions during intracellular processing.
C8G- Related Disease
Disease associated with C8G is acute Saplingo-Oophoritis. It is associated with both inflammatory condition of fallopian tubes and ovaries and is usually caused by a bacterial infection.
Creative Biolabs provides high-quality services and accelerates the drug discovery process with limited sample sizes. Experts on our platform have accumulated knowledge and expertise on the complement system, we offer turn-key or ala carte services customized to our client’s needs. We overcome the challenges associated with time consumption and effort spent on setting up the assay. If you are interested in our platform or you are calling for our services, please contact us for detailed information.
References
1. Menny, Anaïs, et al. "CryoEM reveals how the complement membrane attack complex ruptures lipid bilayers." Nature communications 9.1 (2018): 5316.
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